Collective phenomena in condensed matter systems

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The behavior of electrons in condensed matter systems can be quite complex. Amusingly, the ingredients giving rise to the physics are quite simple - electrons which interact with each other, with an ionic background potential, and in some cases with imperfections in the system. However, the phenomena which arise are truly amazing and at times exotic. This occurs because one electron's dynamics is not independent of another's. Rather, all of the electrons must coordinate their dynamics and move together collectively. Such behavior has been eloquently described as a "quantum waltz".