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Natural gas storage using clathrate hydrates

使用笼形水合物储存天然气

基本信息

批准号：
327439-2007
负责人：
Clarke, Matthew
金额：
$ 1.6万
依托单位：
University of Calgary
依托单位国家：
加拿大
项目类别：
Discovery Grants Program - Individual
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
加拿大
起止时间：
2009-01-01 至 2010-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=428837
关键词：
Natural gas storage using clathrate

项目摘要

As Canada moves into the 21st century, the demand for natural gas seems to be increasing unabated. Traditionally, underground natural gas storage has been relied upon to smooth the natural gas supplyand to meet high peak gas demands. A potential new means for storing and transportation of natural gas is through its conversion into gas hydrate form. Gas hydrates are non-stoichiometric crystalline compounds that occur when hydrogen-bonded water molecules form cavities that can be occupied by a guest molecule such as methane, ethane or propane. Preliminary studies regarding the storage of natural gas in hydrate form have identified several important factors that need to be addressed before NGH can be an economically feasible means of gas storage. Most noticeably, it has been recognised that if a gas hydrate storage process is to be practical for industrial applications, then natural gas must be sequestered in gas hydrates at a rapid rate. Recently, It has been found that the rate of hydrate formation could be increased significantly if the host water is a micellar solution containing a surfactant. However, despite the recognition that surfactants can increase the rate of gas hydrate formation, very little quantitative experimental data on the intrinsic kinetics of gas hydrate formation and decomposition in the presence of surfactants has been generated. This data is vital in the design and optimisation of any system for storing natural gas in the form of gas hydrates. Thus, I am proposing to undertake an experimental study to quantify the kinetics of gas hydrate formation and decomposition in the presence of surfactants and to mathematically model a process for storing natural gas in hydrate form.

随着加拿大进入世纪，对天然气的需求似乎有增无减。传统上，地下天然气储存一直依赖于平稳的天然气供应和满足高峰天然气需求。一种潜在的储存和运输天然气的新方法是将其转化为气体水合物形式。气体水合物是非化学计量的晶体化合物，当氢键结合的水分子形成可以被诸如甲烷、乙烷或丙烷的客体分子占据的空腔时，会发生这种化合物。关于以水合物形式储存天然气的初步研究已经确定了几个重要因素，这些因素需要在NGH成为经济可行的天然气储存方式之前得到解决。最值得注意的是，已经认识到，如果气体水合物储存方法对于工业应用是实用的，则天然气必须以快速的速率被隔离在气体水合物中。近年来，研究发现，当宿主水为含有表面活性剂的胶束溶液时，水合物的生成速率会显著提高。然而，尽管认识到表面活性剂可以增加气体水合物形成的速率，但在表面活性剂存在下气体水合物形成和分解的本征动力学的定量实验数据很少。这些数据对于设计和优化任何以天然气水合物形式储存天然气的系统至关重要。因此，我建议进行一项实验研究，以量化的气体水合物的形成和分解的动力学在表面活性剂的存在下，并以水合物形式存储天然气的过程的数学模型。