Transport in fibrous materials and biomembranes

纤维材料由于具有较大的比表面积和高度多孔的结构，适合于运输、过滤、分离、吸收等应用。纳米纤维材料的开发利用了纤维材料超高表面积的优势。由纳米纤维制成的生物膜在许多先进的应用领域具有潜在的应用价值，如化学或生物防御、伤口敷料、选择性分离、生物或药物活性物质和分子的固定化以及组织工程的支架。这些非均质、各向异性和可压缩的结构是多种多样的，但对于试图控制和优化其特性以适应不同应用的研究人员来说，这是一种挑战。到目前为止，还没有一种有效和精确的方法来表征纤维材料中流体的结构和行为，但这对于材料和生物医学领域的研究是必不可少的。

Fibrous materials are suitable for applications involving transport, filtration, separation, absorption because they have large surface areas and highly porous structures. The development of nanofibrous materials exploits the advantages of the ultra-high surface areas of fibrous materials. Biomembranes made of nanofibres are potentially useful in many advanced application areas such as chemical or bio-defense, wound dressing, selective separation, immobilization of biologically or pharmacologically active agents and molecules, and scaffold for tissue engineering. These heterogeneous, anisotropic and compressible structures are versatile, yet challenging to researchers trying to control and optimize their properties for different applications. Up to now, an efficient and precise way to characterize the structure and the behavior of fluid transport in fibrous materials is still unavailable, but is essential for research in the field of material and biomedical sciences.