Impact of stratospheric processes on climate variability and change in the troposphere

平流层过程对气候变率和对流层变化的影响

• 批准号: 371806-2009
• 负责人: Son, SeokWoo
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=461383
• 关键词: Impact; stratospheric; processes; climate; variability

Climate variability and changes have been often understood and predicted by means of state-of-the-art climate models. Such an example is climate model simulations for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In these models, the atmospheric component is primarily focused on the troposphere where most weather phenomena occur and most anthropogenic greenhouse gases are concentrated. The impact from the above, the stratosphere (from ~10 km to ~50 km above the ground), has often been ignored. Recent studies, however, have shown that stratospheric processes can influence the tropospheric circulation in a major way. It was found that, without realistic stratosphere, climate models can not reproduce recent trends in the North Atlantic Oscillation which dominates weather and climate systems over northeastern North America and western Europe. In the Southern Hemisphere, surface climate has been known to be directly affected by stratospheric ozone.

气候变率和变化通常通过最先进的气候模型来理解和预测。政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）的气候模型模拟就是一个例子。在这些模型中，大气成分主要集中在对流层，大多数天气现象发生在对流层，大多数人为温室气体集中在对流层。来自上方平流层（距地面约 10 公里至约 50 公里）的影响常常被忽视。然而，最近的研究表明，平流层过程可以在很大程度上影响对流层环流。研究发现，如果没有现实的平流层，气候模型就无法重现北大西洋涛动的最新趋势，北大西洋涛动主导着北美东北部和西欧的天气和气候系统。在南半球，地表气候已知直接受到平流层臭氧的影响。