Optimal design of a small nuclear reactor for district heating and cogeneration

用于区域供热和热电联产的小型核反应堆的优化设计

• 批准号: 386635-2010
• 负责人: Bonin, Hugues
• 金额: $ 1.75万
• 依托单位: Royal Military College of Canada
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2010-01-01 至 2011-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=463881
• 关键词: Optimal; design; small; nuclear; reactor

In recent years, considerable attention has been given to the Canadian Arctic in the context of the increased possibilities of commercial and military navigation in the North-West Passage and of the exploitation of natural resources in this vast part of Canada. As a result, the number of permanent settlements will grow and, among them, there will be military bases and stations for assuring the sovereignty of Canada. All of these civilian and military settlements will need safe, reliable and low cost energy sources and the purpose of this research proposal is to investigate how nuclear energy can indeed provide the required energy both safely and reliably. The approach is through the developement of a small 25-50 MWth nuclear reactor and energy conversion systems for district heating and cogeneration that would retain as much as possible the inherent safety characteristics. This would allow the operation of the nuclear reactor on-site by a small crew of licensed operators requiring only a relatively modest amount of training. The reactor proposed here is a scaled-up version of the inherently safe "Near Boiling" (NB) reactor that the applicant's team has already designed for application on-board Victoria class submarines of the Canadian Navy. Of course, the applications of the new nuclear reactor are not limited to remote settlements in the Canadian Arctic, but also the reactor can provide heating energy and co-generation in cities, villages and military bases in the Southern part of Canada as well as in many settlements that are difficult to access, such as those located on islands and in remote parts of our country.

近年来，由于西北航道的商业和军事航行以及加拿大这一广大地区的自然资源开发的可能性增加，加拿大北极地区受到了相当大的关注。因此，永久定居点的数量将增加，其中将有军事基地和车站，以确保加拿大的主权。 所有这些民用和军事定居点都需要安全、可靠和低成本的能源，这项研究提案的目的是调查核能如何能够安全可靠地提供所需的能源。 该方法是通过开发一个小型的25-50兆瓦的核反应堆和能量转换系统，用于区域供热和热电联产，尽可能保留固有的安全特性。 这将使核反应堆的现场操作由一个小的船员持牌操作员只需要相对少量的培训。 这里提出的反应堆是本征安全的“近沸腾”（NB）反应堆的放大版本，申请人的团队已经设计了该反应堆，用于加拿大海军的维多利亚级潜艇。 当然，新的核反应堆的应用不仅限于加拿大北极地区的偏远定居点，而且该反应堆还可以为加拿大南部的城市、村庄和军事基地以及许多难以进入的定居点提供热能和热电联产，例如位于我国岛屿和偏远地区的定居点。