Multimodal applications for investigating the role of mSMGP in host defense

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The mouse submaxillary (submandibular) gland exhibits both endocrine and exocrine functions, and is the site of synthesis of several biologically active polypeptides, including hormones, growth factors, and digestive enzymes. Although many of these proteins are well studied and characterized, the function of yet many others remain elusive. We have identified a gene, whose protein we termed the mouse submaxillary gland protein (mSMGP), that is highly expressed in this gland and whose function is yet to be elucidated. mSMGP is also found in saliva and other bodily fluids such as tears, sweat and secretions from the seminal vesicle. We have shown that mSMGP binds some strains of both human and mouse oral bacteria. These observations, as well as some clues that have come from a human homologue which can bind to the CD4 molecule and inhibit T lymphocyte apoptosis, led us to hypothesize that the mouse submaxillary gland protein, mSMGP, plays a role in both innate and immune host defense against invading organisms and infection. To address mSMGP function in vivo, we have generated the first mouse mSMGP knockout model. Using histopathological analysis of the knockout mouse and a series of bacterial studies, our current objectives is to fully define the phenotype attributed to loss of mSMGP function, and to examine its interaction with bacteria both in vivo and in vitro. Protection against invading organisms or infection via oral contamination is to date, poorly understood and thus the proposed studies are among the very few that approach the infection phenomenon from an oral perspective. This study will yield critical insights into the function and biology of the mSMGP, and consequently contribute further knowledge about submandibular biology. Vital to our molecular and immunological studies is the routine use of a microplate reader as well as a dissecting microscope. This equipment is also important for training and teaching purposes. Equally critical is the requirement for a bacterial shaker for growing bacteria. At the present time we do not have this equipment in our laboratory and this is impeding on the progress of this project.