Kinetics and mechanisms of atmospheric hydrocarbon oxidation and particle formation

大气碳氢化合物氧化和颗粒形成的动力学和机制

• 批准号: 106186-2007
• 负责人: Mozurkewich, Michael
• 金额: $ 2.19万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=475409
• 关键词: Kinetics; mechanisms; atmospheric; hydrocarbon; oxidation

Every cubic centimeter of air contains hundreds to over a hundred thousand fine particles with diameters less than one micrometer. These particles can absorb and scatter sunlight and also act as the nuclei on which cloud droplets form. As a result, they play a major role in climate; our incomplete knowledge of how these particles form is a major cause of uncertainty in global climate models. It has also been demonstrated that these particles have a significant negative impact on human health. Fine particles are largely formed by a process called gas-to-particle conversion in which gases, such as sulfur dioxide, aromatic hydrocarbons (from petroleum products) and terpenes (emitted by plants) undergo reactions that convert them to compounds, such as sulfuric acid and oxygenated organic compounds, that form solid and liquid particles.

每立方厘米的空气中含有数百至十万个直径小于1微米的细颗粒。这些粒子可以吸收和散射阳光，也可以作为云滴形成的核心。因此，它们在气候中发挥着重要作用;我们对这些粒子如何形成的不完整知识是全球气候模型不确定性的主要原因。研究还表明，这些颗粒物对人类健康有显著的负面影响。细颗粒物主要是通过一种称为气体-颗粒转化的过程形成的，在该过程中，气体，如二氧化硫，芳烃（来自石油产品）和萜烯（由植物排放）经历反应，将其转化为化合物，如硫酸和含氧有机化合物，形成固体和液体颗粒。