West coast aerosol measurements using lidar

使用激光雷达测量西海岸气溶胶

• 批准号: 138585-2010
• 负责人: McKendry, Ian
• 金额: $ 1.24万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=475868
• 关键词: West; coast; aerosol; measurements; using

Aerosols play a significant role in the global radiation balance and cloud processes (hence climate change), influence atmospheric chemistry as well as oceanic and terrestrial biogeochemical processes, and even serve as carriers of microbes. Aerosol in the form of Particulate Matter (PM) also affects air quality. Until recently, aerosol pollution in western Canada was considered to be largely of local origin. However, it is now apparent that crustal dust, biomass burning plumes and anthropogenic aerosol (from combustion processes) originating from distant sources affect the region episodically. Major sources include; dust from Asian deserts; air pollution from power generation, industry and transportation in Asia; forest fire plumes from California and Oregon; local wild fire plumes in British Columbia. The proposed research describes a novel and systematic strategy employing a suite of state-of -the-art measurements designed to characterize the scale and nature of aerosol transport in the region and the impacts on human health and visibility. The cornerstone of the research is a new lidar facility established in collaboration with Environment Canada at UBC. This instrument provides continuous measurements of aerosol throughout the full depth of the atmosphere with data available in real time online. The research will establish the baseline values for medium and long range aerosol transport and in so doing establish the basis for assessment of trends. It is expected that these results will contribute significantly to scientific understanding of the meteorological processes and transformations associated with aerosol transport. In addition to the policy implications of such sound scientific knowledge, it is anticipated that this research will provide a basis for the provision of timely public information and warnings related to aerosol pollution.

气溶胶在全球辐射平衡和云过程（因此气候变化）中发挥着重要作用，影响大气化学以及海洋和陆地生物地球化学过程，甚至充当微生物的载体。颗粒物 (PM) 形式的气溶胶也会影响空气质量。 直到最近，加拿大西部的气溶胶污染还被认为主要源于当地。然而，现在很明显，来自遥远来源的地壳尘埃、生物质燃烧羽流和人为气溶胶（来自燃烧过程）偶尔会影响该地区。主要来源包括：来自亚洲沙漠的沙尘；亚洲发电、工业和交通造成的空气污染；来自加利福尼亚州和俄勒冈州的森林火灾；不列颠哥伦比亚省当地野火羽流。拟议的研究描述了一种新颖且系统的策略，采用了一套最先进的测量方法，旨在表征该地区气溶胶输送的规模和性质以及对人类健康和能见度的影响。该研究的基石是与加拿大环境部在 UBC 合作建立的新激光雷达设施。该仪器可对整个大气层深度的气溶胶进行连续测量，并可实时在线获取数据。该研究将建立中远距离气溶胶输送的基线值，从而为趋势评估奠定基础。预计这些结果将极大地有助于科学理解与气溶胶输送相关的气象过程和变化。 除了这些可靠的科学知识的政策影响外，预计这项研究还将为提供与气溶胶污染相关的及时公共信息和警报提供基础。