Cavity-QED enabled light sources and disorder-induced light localization in photonic crystal chips

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Scientists, philosophers, and young children alike have always been fascinated by optical phenomena. Why is the sky blue? Where do rainbows come from? At the root of all optical phenomena is the interaction of light and matter-the source of dynamics in nature. The fundamentals of light-matter interaction have been clarified by classical electromagnetism and quantum electrodynamics (QED), which are believed to explain all electromagnetic phenomena. James Clerk Maxwell introduced a transformational light-matter theory in the 1850s that described light in the form of electromagnetic radiation, just like radio waves and X-rays. One hundred and fifty years later, his theory and "Maxwell's equations" have been utilized as the de facto standard in modern communication technology based on transmitters and receivers, for mobile telephones, television and radio. Remarkably, these advances have taken place essentially within a regime where the interactions between radiation and matter are "invariant". Yet there is more.