Spatial and temporal variabilty of coupled mass and energy transport processes in soil

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In cold, semi-arid regions, water flow and heat transport in frozen soils significantly influences the soil water and energy balance. For example, water from spring snowmelt may contribute to recharging soil moisture reservoirs important for ecosystem productivity and, depending on its heat content, may be re-frozen or aid in soil thawing. Understanding the complex interactions between and the influence of these water flow and heat transport processes on soil water and energy balances is key to assessing environmental risks associated with contaminants introduced into the soil and predicting the impacts of climate change on food production.