Transport processes in inland and coastal waters

内陆和沿海水域的运输过程

• 批准号: 7922-2009
• 负责人: Chu, Vincent
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: McGill University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=504968
• 关键词: Transport; processes; inland; coastal; waters

The dynamics of pollutant and sediment transports in inland and coastal waters are highly anisotropic with a tendency to two-dimensionality. The energy cascade, the reverse of the cascade, or a combination of both, between the 2D horizontal turbulence and small-scale 3D turbulence of distinct length scales are subjects of much interest, since the seminal work of Kraichnan (1967) on 2D turbulence. Laboratory data are needed to support not only the theoretical works but also the development of models. The Earth's rotation is a deciding factor in the large-scale exchanges. The small scale mixings across interfaces by turbulence are dependent on stability/instability of the density/gravity stratification. Research has been conducted by the applicant, his research associates and graduate students to study these 2D and 3D transport processes of very different time and length scales. Wind, wave and current effects on the processes are considered. The erosion and deposition of sediments are part of the study. The focus of the research has been on the fundamentals of modeling, and the verification of the models through laboratory and field studies. The research over the last six years has led to (i) the publication of 1 book, 1 book chapter, 1 book review, 1 editorial, 4 M.Eng. theses, 3 Ph.D. thesis and 43 papers, (ii) the development of instrumentation and data acquisition technique for velocity, temperature, salinity and tracer-concentration measurements, and (iii) the implementation of numerical methods for model simulations of turbulent flow. Future research will continue on the fundamentals. Greater emphasis of the research will be placed in the studying of the small-scale processes. Currently, a new channel is under construction for the planned study of the coastal erosion by waves and currents. The ongoing experiments in the wide channel for the large-scale exchanges will broaden to include cases of very large convective Froude number. The validation of the simulation models by experimental data will continue. The numerical effort will include the implementation of TVD schemes for the control of numerical oscillations, and the further development of a robust numerical method using the blocks as the computational elements.

内陆和沿海水域污染物和沉积物迁移的动态具有高度各向异性并具有二维趋势。自从 Kraichnan (1967) 关于 2D 湍流的开创性工作以来，2D 水平湍流和不同长度尺度的小规模 3D 湍流之间的能量级联、级联的反向或两者的组合是人们非常感兴趣的主题。实验室数据不仅需要支持理论工作，还需要支持模型的开发。地球自转是大规模交流的决定因素。由湍流引起的跨界面的小规模混合取决于密度/重力分层的稳定性/不稳定性。申请人、他的研究助理和研究生进行了研究，以研究这些时间和长度尺度截然不同的 2D 和 3D 传输过程。考虑了风、波浪和水流对过程的影响。沉积物的侵蚀和沉积是研究的一部分。研究的重点是建模的基础知识，以及通过实验室和现场研究对模型的验证。过去六年的研究成果是 (i) 出版了 1 本书、1 本书章节、1 篇书评、1 篇社论、4 篇工程硕士。论文，3 篇博士论文论文和 43 篇论文，(ii) 速度、温度、盐度和示踪剂浓度测量的仪器和数据采集技术的开发，以及 (iii) 湍流模型模拟数值方法的实施。未来的研究将继续在基础上进行。研究的重点将放在小规模过程的研究上。目前，正在建设一条新航道，用于计划研究波浪和洋流对海岸侵蚀的研究。正在进行的大规模交换宽通道实验将扩大到包括非常大的对流弗劳德数的情况。将继续通过实验数据验证模拟模型。数值工作将包括实施用于控制数值振荡的 TVD 方案，以及使用块作为计算元素进一步开发稳健的数值方法。