Modelling of multiphase industrial processes

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The proposal addresses the mathematical simulations of industrial processes. Using computers to solve the governing equations for the complex transport phenomena that take place increases our understanding of the process and provides a tool to improve efficiency and lessen negative environmental impact. It is proposed to simulate processes that involve several phases. Air-lift devices will be investigated and modelled. Air-lift devices are robust ways to lift a heavier phase by injecting air into a tube. A pipe opened on both ends is lowered into the seawater (or any other well) until it nearly touches the material to be lifted. When air is injected into the pipe below the water level, a liquid-air mixture with decreased density is produced above the injection point. When sufficient air is delivered and the velocity of the liquid is higher than the solid settling velocity, the solid particles will be lifted upwards. The mathematical model of the process will constitute a new design tool for air-lift devices that have broad applications. Another application considered is the modeling of agglomeration in fluidized beds when three phases are present. Agglomerate formation decreases the efficiency of the fluidized bed process and leads to fouling. The application that is targeted is raw bitumen, which is upgraded to synthetic crude in a thermal coking process. The forming, transport, and breaking of the agglomerates will be investigated and modelled mathematically. The model will allow for improving the efficiency of the industrial process. The other topic addressed is the simulation of fiber motion in air-streams with application to dry-forming. The motion of an elastic fiber under the influence of the forces acting on it will be simulated. The model will be a tool that will allow for better design of the equipment and a more uniform fiber distribution in the product.