A New Model for Blood Inventory Management

血液供应的有效管理具有重要的经济和社会意义，因为在许多国家，对血液制品的需求增长快于捐赠[2]。到目前为止，在这一领域的大量研究模型的问题作为一个排队或库存系统，并使用经典的运筹学工具，如随机过程，动态规划和随机规划来解决这个问题。为了使模型易于处理，大多数文献简化了血液制品供应链的基本要素，如系统的多级结构（即区域中心和各医院的库存量），血液制品替代性（例如，接受O+而不是A+血液制品类型），患者需求量可变，患者状态随时间变化的概率（即从非紧急到紧急），多级配给血液供应，以满足未来的紧急需求，以及产品链各层级之间的运输时间（例如，从区域库存到单个医院库存以及在单个医院库存之间）及其对血液制品剩余寿命的影响。

Efficient management of blood supplies is of great economic and social importance, as in many countries demand for blood products is growing faster than donations [2]. To date, the vast body of research in this area model the problem as a queuing or inventory system and use classical operations research tools such as stochastic processes, dynamic programming and stochastic programming to tackle the problem. To make the model tractable, most papers simplify the fundamental elements of the blood product supply chain, such as the multi-echelon structure of the system (i.e. inventory holdings at the regional center as well as individual hospitals), blood product substitutability (e.g. receiving O+ instead of A+ blood product type), variable demand volumes by patients, probability of change of patient status over time (i.e. from non-urgent to urgent), multi-level rationing of blood supplies to satisfy future urgent demands, and transportation time between the echelons of the product chain (e.g. from the regional stock to and among individual hospital stocks) and its impact on remaining blood product lifetime.