TPAD of whole and thin bioethanol residues

含可溶物的干酒糟（DDGS）市场已经饱和，过量的酒糟是生物乙醇行业的浪费问题。酒糟处理是玉米制乙醇工艺的主要限制之一，因为DDGS干燥和酒糟蒸发分别占总工艺能耗的约30.3%和16.5%。每升乙醇可产生高达20 L的酒糟，总化学需氧量（TCOD 100-200 g/L），酒糟蒸发器冷凝液是最大的废水贡献者。虽然厌氧消化（AD）具有较低的碱度和营养需求相比，好氧生物降解，并有很大的潜力，以减少酒糟的有机污染和生产甲烷作为燃料的生物乙醇厂，它还没有被应用的规模可能。迄今为止的研究集中在稀釜馏物的消化上，使釜馏物的大部分甲烷潜力未经处理。然而，如果全釜馏物（比稀釜馏物浓缩3-5倍）可以在实际固体反应时间（SRT）下直接在AD中处理，绕过蒸发和干燥，则可以使现有的和新的生物乙醇设施不依赖于能量，同时解决主要瓶颈和浪费问题。该技术的建立还将为加拿大工业打开国际市场。本研究的主要目的是研究的生物降解性能和动力学[沼气生产，TCOD，总固体（TS）和挥发性固体（VS）的去除效率]的全酒糟和稀酒糟使用分批和连续流AD在高温，中温和温度阶段消化（TPAD）（高温/中温或中温/高温;T/M对M/T）条件下。

The market for Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) is saturated and excess stillage is a waste problem to the bioethanol industry. Stillage handling is one of the major limitations of the corn to ethanol process, since DDGS drying and stillage evaporation account for approximately 30.3 and 16.5% of total process energy consumption, respectively. Each litre of ethanol can generate up to 20L of stillage with total chemical oxygen demand of (TCOD 100-200 g/L), and thin stillage evaporator condensate is the largest wastewater contributor. Although anaerobic digestion (AD) has lower alkalinity and nutrient requirements compared to aerobic biodegradation and has great potential to reduce the organic pollution of stillage and produce methane as fuel for the bioethanol plant, it has not been applied with the magnitude possible. Studies to date focus on digestion of thin stillage, leaving the majority of the methane potential of the stillage untreated. However, if whole stillage (3-5 times more concentrated than thin stillage) can be treated directly in AD at practical solid reaction times (SRT) bypassing evaporation and drying it could make existing and new bioethanol facilities energy-independent while solving a major bottle neck and waste problem. Establishment of this technology would also open international markets for Canadian industry. The main objective of this research is to study the biodegradation performance and kinetics [biogas production, TCOD, total solid (TS) and volatile solids (VS) removal efficiencies] of whole and thin stillage using batch and continuous-flow AD under both thermophilic, mesophilic and temperature phased digestion (TPAD) (thermophilic/mesophilic or mesophilic/thermophilic;T/M vs M/T) conditions.