Advanced tools for computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery

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Over the past decade, computer-assisted surgery has moved from concept to prototype to product and surgeons are now able to use imaging and kinematic data in quantitative ways to precisely guide their interventions. However, few applications in orthopaedics have been widely adopted. One major reason for this is that the first generation of computer-assisted applications in orthopaedics have relied on costly imaging techniques that are simply not used for routine procedures or they have used complex and expensive robotic devices modified from industrial systems. Operating times are typically extended, and often the systems do not adequately predict the consequences of surgical choices on other outcomes of interest. Furthermore, the systems that have been commercialized are generally quite costly (on the order of $250,000 for image-based systems and upwards of $1M for systems incorporating robots), so most hospitals, particularly those in Canada, have not been able to justify their purchase.