Mass measurements among stable and unstable nuclei using the Canadian Penning TSrap mass spectrometer

使用加拿大 Penning TSrap 质谱仪测量稳定和不稳定原子核的质量

• 批准号: 216974-2011
• 负责人: Sharma, Kumar
• 金额: $ 12.6万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Project
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=514167
• 关键词: Mass; measurements; among; stable; unstable

How the elements, from hydrogen to uranium, that make up our universe, were synthesized from the debris of the big bang continues to be a fascinating conundrum. While some success has been achieved in explaining the production of the light isotopes the mechanisms responsible for the production of the bulk of the heavier elements are still not clear. Calculations based on normal, quietly burning stars do not reproduce the observed abundances for these elements. It is thought that at least part of their production took place during explosive astrophysical events (supernovae and x-ray bursts etc.) that are powered by nuclear reactions among short-lived, radioactive nuclides at the limits of nuclear binding. The atomic masses of these nuclei are essential to understanding these processes because they determine the energy released and determine the path of the nuclear reaction chains that take place in these events.

从氢到铀，构成我们宇宙的元素是如何从大爆炸的碎片中合成的，这仍然是一个迷人的难题。虽然在解释轻同位素的产生方面取得了一些成功，但大部分较重元素的产生机制仍然不清楚。基于正常的、安静燃烧的恒星的计算不能再现这些元素的观测丰度。据认为，它们至少有一部分是在爆炸性天体物理事件（超新星和x射线爆发等）中产生的。由核反应提供动力，这些核反应是在核结合的极限下，在短寿命的放射性核素之间进行的。这些原子核的原子质量对于理解这些过程至关重要，因为它们决定了释放的能量，并决定了这些事件中发生的核反应链的路径。