Investigating the reading processes captured by he missing-letter effect

研究漏写效应捕获的阅读过程

• 批准号: 227608-2010
• 负责人: SaintAubin, Jean
• 金额: $ 3.36万
• 依托单位: Université de Moncton
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=514278
• 关键词: Investigating; reading; processes; captured; he

When asked to count or cross out the letter f in a sentence or paragraph like: FINISHED FILES ARE THE RESULT OF YEARS OF SCIENTIFIC STUDY COMBINED WITH THE EXPERIENCE OF MANY YEARS, people have greater difficulty detecting target letters in function than in content words. This is known as the missing-letter effect. In the example above, there are six fs, but most readers have difficulty finding the three fs in of. This is partly due because the f in of is pronounced as a v, but most importantly because it is a function word that carries little meaning. For instance, the same pattern of results is observed when f is pronounced the same in function and content words with more omissions when it is embedded in the function word for than in content words like fun, far, and fig (Saint-Aubin & Klein, 2001). The missing-letter effect has been used for more than four decades as a window on the cognitive processes involved in reading continuous text. The long-term goal of my research program is to better understand the basic reading processes. The short-term objectives of this proposal are to investigate the reading processes captured by the missing-letter effect in light of a new model we recently proposed: the Attentional Disengagement model of the missing-letter effect (Roy-Charland et al., 2007). According to this hypothesis, omissions are due to the allocation of attention on text by reading processes and to the efficiency of the detection process. Readers will be more likely to miss a target letter in a function than a content word because they will rapidly stop paying attention to the former. With my students, we will systematically test the new hypothesis with a variety of methodologies. First, we will investigate the nature of the information scanned by readers by varying the target to be detected. Second, we will investigate how good and poor readers differ at the letter search task by isolating the contribution of their reading and of their detection skills. Third, we will investigate the communalities between reading and listening for comprehension.

当要求计算或划掉句子或段落中的字母f时，如：FINISHED FILES ARE多年科学研究结合多年经验的结果，人们在功能上比在实词上更难发现目标字母。这就是所谓的“缺信效应”。在上面的例子中，有六个f，但大多数读者很难找到三个f。部分原因是of的f音读作v，但最重要的是因为它是一个功能词，没有什么意义。例如，当f在功能词和实词中发音相同时，观察到的结果模式是相同的，当它嵌入在功能词For中时，比嵌入在fun， far和fig等实词中时遗漏更多（Saint-Aubin & Klein, 2001）。作为研究阅读连续文本的认知过程的一个窗口，缺失字母效应已经被使用了40多年。我的研究项目的长期目标是更好地理解基本的阅读过程。本建议的短期目标是根据我们最近提出的一个新模型：缺失字母效应的注意力脱离模型（Roy-Charland et al., 2007）来研究被缺失字母效应捕获的阅读过程。根据这一假设，遗漏是由于阅读过程将注意力分配到文本上以及检测过程的效率。读者更有可能忽略功能中的目标字母而不是实义词，因为他们会很快停止对前者的注意。与我的学生一起，我们将用各种方法系统地测试新的假设。首先，我们将通过改变要检测的目标来研究读者扫描信息的性质。其次，我们将通过分离他们的阅读贡献和他们的检测技能来研究好读者和差读者在字母搜索任务中的差异。第三，我们将调查阅读和听力理解之间的共性。