Single-nucleon effects revealed through gamma-ray and particle spectroscopy

通过伽马射线和粒子光谱揭示单核效应

• 批准号: 299431-2012
• 负责人: Austin, Roby
• 金额: $ 1.09万
• 依托单位: Saint Mary's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Subatomic Physics Envelope - Individual
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=514794
• 关键词: Single; nucleon; effects; revealed; through

We do not yet have a full understanding of what makes some nuclear isotopes stable while others exist for mere microseconds. We do not yet know exactly how the reactions in stars create the chemical elements that we have on earth today. We are still, after many years of looking, trying to find a complete description of the way the stuff of nuclear matter behaves. My own efforts to help resolve this puzzle mainly follow a technique of very closely studying a few examples of nuclear isotopes. Have you ever noticed how very fit people are usually the warmest in the room? The more muscle mass a person has, the more efficient they are at shedding extra energy in the form of heat. A nucleus that is spherical will shed excess energy in the form of a high-energy bundle called a gamma ray. Nuclei that are not shaped like spheres tend to reduce their excess energy through many lower-energy gamma rays. Observing the gamma rays emitted by nuclei shedding excess energy lets me learn about their shapes, which in turn reveals the way that they will behave in response to external forces. In my research, I focus on the way that adding just one little piece of a nucleus, called a nucleon, to an isotope can dramatically change its shape and behaviour. By understanding these few special cases very well, I can help theorists who ask the more general question of how all nuclear material interacts stay pointed in the right direction.

我们还没有完全理解是什么使一些核同位素稳定，而另一些则只存在几微秒。 我们还不知道恒星中的反应是如何产生我们今天在地球上所拥有的化学元素的。经过多年的研究，我们仍然在试图找到一个完整的描述，来描述核物质的行为。 我自己的努力，以帮助解决这个难题，主要是遵循一种技术，非常密切地研究了几个例子的核同位素。 你有没有注意到，身体健康的人通常是房间里最温暖的人？ 一个人的肌肉质量越多，他们以热量的形式释放额外能量的效率就越高。 球形的原子核会以高能束的形式释放出多余的能量，这种高能束被称为伽马射线。 形状不像球体的原子核倾向于通过许多低能量的伽马射线来减少它们多余的能量。 通过观察释放多余能量的原子核发出的伽马射线，我可以了解它们的形状，这反过来又揭示了它们对外力的反应方式。 在我的研究中，我专注于向同位素中添加一小块原子核（称为核子）可以显着改变其形状和行为的方式。 通过很好地理解这几种特殊情况，我可以帮助那些提出所有核材料如何相互作用这一更普遍问题的理论家们保持正确的方向。