Physiological and Behavioural Aspects of Swimming in sturgeon.

鲟鱼游泳的生理和行为方面。

• 批准号: 194098-2012
• 负责人: Kieffer, James
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=523106
• 关键词: Physiological; Behavioural; Aspects; Swimming; sturgeon.

Animals use many locomotor strategies for survival in various habitats. Many factors (e.g., predator-prey interactions) are of profound ecological importance and depend heavily on a fish's ability to swim. Swimming efficiency and performance is related to a species' physiology, morphology and behaviour, and environmental challenges the animal faces (e.g., temperature change, velocity changes). The focus of my research program is to understand the influence of various abiotic and biotic factors on the swimming capacity of sturgeon, a "primitive fish". The rationale for utilizing sturgeon is many-fold, including: (i) biological, because of its intermediate evolutionary position between elasmobranchs (sharks) and teleosts, (ii) their excellent capacity to deal with acute and chronic stressors, and (iii) commercial, owing to their highly prized meat and caviar. Unlike the other species of fish we have studied in the past, our recent findings have shown that sturgeon possess unique morphology and behaviour that affect their swimming patterns. The long-term objective is to address the interplay of behaviour, morphology and physiology on the metabolic costs of swimming in sturgeon. The short term goals here focus on the costs of transport, swimming efficiency, and metabolic fuel use patterns (i.e., whether they use carbohydrates, lipids or proteins) at different speeds in sturgeon. In addition, we will examine the metabolic costs of swimming associated with different substrate types (sand, cobble, etc). The proposed experiments, using swim flume technology, are designed to test novel hypotheses with regard to metabolic costs associated with swimming in a primitive fish. Findings will add significantly to our understanding of evolution of locomotory performance in fish, including physiological adaptations to the environment.

动物在不同的栖息地中使用许多运动策略来生存。许多因素(例如，捕食者与猎物的相互作用)具有深远的生态重要性，并在很大程度上取决于鱼的游泳能力。游泳效率和表现与物种的生理、形态和行为以及动物面临的环境挑战(如温度变化、速度变化)有关。我的研究计划的重点是了解各种非生物和生物因素对鲟鱼这一“原始鱼类”游动能力的影响。利用鲟鱼的理由是多方面的，包括：(I)生物学，因为其处于棘鳍(鲨鱼)和硬骨鱼之间的中间进化地位，(Ii)它们处理急性和慢性应激源的出色能力，以及(Iii)商业，由于其高度珍视的肉类和鱼子酱。与我们过去研究的其他鱼类不同，我们最近的发现表明，鲟鱼具有独特的形态和行为，这会影响它们的游泳模式。长期目标是解决行为、形态和生理对鲟鱼游泳代谢成本的相互影响。这里的短期目标侧重于鲟鱼在不同速度下的运输成本、游泳效率和新陈代谢燃料的使用模式(即是否使用碳水化合物、脂肪或蛋白质)。此外，我们将研究与不同底物类型(沙子、鹅卵石等)相关的游泳代谢成本。拟议中的实验使用泳槽技术，旨在测试与原始鱼类游泳相关的新陈代谢成本的新假设。这些发现将大大增加我们对鱼类运动能力进化的理解，包括对环境的生理适应。