"ELECTRON, OPTICAL, ACOUSTIC, SONAR AND RADIO WAVE CHARACTERIZATION OF ADVANCED MATERIALS/MATTER AND THEIR STRUCTURES"

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The objectives of the research are to construct new types of imaging devices and develop their associated imaging methods in order to make new measurements of the properties of matter. The imaging devices being constructed as based on holography and interferometry using the interference of electrons, photons, acoustic waves, sonar and radio waves. One imaging device and its associated methods, confocal holography (CH), were patented in 2009 and 2011. CH is applicable for the use of electrons, lasers, sonar, acoustic waves and radio waves. CH is unique as it enables obtaining a three-dimensional (3D) image of an object being viewed from one direction, i.e., no rotation of the object or imaging device is required. Using lasers, it measures the 3D temperature distribution of a heated fluid proving its concepts as a valid imaging and measurement method. Using acoustic beams, it is being developed to detect regions of healthy and diseased tissue in the human body, initially targeting the prostate for cancer. Using radio waves, CH is being investigated for measuring the Earth atmosphere's 3D temperature, pressure and composition, targeting climate change monitoring and enhanced knowledge of the atmosphere sciences. In the near future, electron-based CH will image and measure the 3D properties of a solid's atomic, electronic and quasiparticle (phonons, plasmons, excitons, etc) structures at the nanoscale and even sub-atomic scale using an ultra-high resolution scanning transmission electron holography microscope (STEHM) being constructed by this NSERC Discovery Grant applicant. Using sonar, a unique CH design exists but not yet implemented to continuously measure the ocean's temperature, pressure and composition from the ocean's surface to the seafloor with the depth limited by the back-reflection intensity. This sonar device will also target climate change monitoring and enhance our knowledge of the ocean sciences. Each of the objects being investigated by CH, i.e., quasiparticles, atoms, molecules, liquids, gases, the human body, the ocean and the Earth's atmosphere, are complex, challenging and require a good understanding for the intended measurements made possible by collaboration with experts in these respectively fields of study.