Characterization of an atypical vesicular glutamate transporter (VGLUT3): vesicular synergy and point mutation

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To communicate with each other, neurons of the nervous system use a combination of electrical signals and chemical messengers. These messengers, called neurotransmitters are released and reuptaken by neurons. Among brain neurotransmitters, acetylcholine (ACh) and serotonin (or 5-HT) are quite well known. These two modulatory systems are involved in numerous brain functions such as, locomotor activity, reward learning behavior, memory and mood regulation. Neurons using ACh and 5-HT have long been believed to release only one neurotransmitter. We recently made the surprising discovery that they can also use another neurotransmitter: glutamate. In this context, the main purpose of our research program is to better understand how, when and where neurons become "bilingual". Our study of glutamate as a potential regulator of the transmission of ACh or 5HT neurons could lead to a better understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying brain neurotransmission.