University of Alberta grizzly bear research and mitigation project

阿尔伯塔大学灰熊研究和缓解项目

• 批准号: 441928-2012
• 负责人: StClair, ColleenCassady
• 金额: $ 17.65万
• 依托单位: University of Alberta
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=534151
• 关键词: University; Alberta; grizzly; bear; research

In North America, the conservation conundrum of large carnivores is epitomized by the gradual extirpation of the iconic grizzly bear. Once a prairie species that spread over much of the western half of the continent, its range is now restricted to a few small pockets in remote, mountainous areas of a few northern US and Canada. In the past 200 years, dozens of receding sub-populations have winked out of existence after being isolated from adjacent populations. This pattern could occur in Banff and Yoho National Parks where grizzly bears exhibit some of the lowest population densities, body masses, and reproductive rates in North America. Despite protection from hunting and road mortality, bears in this area are challenged by low habitat productivity and, recently, high mortality on the train tracks maintained by the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR). Four grizzly bears were killed in the study area in 2011, the highest single rail and road-kill year the area has experienced, and two more were killed in 2012. The reasons for the sharp rise and continuing mortality of bears are not yet understood, but inevitably involve numerous and interacting biological, geographical, and societal factors.

在北美，大型食肉动物的保护难题集中体现在标志性灰熊的逐渐灭绝。 曾经是一个遍布大陆西半部的草原物种，现在它的范围仅限于美国和加拿大北方一些偏远山区的几个小口袋。 在过去的200年里，几十个逐渐消退的亚种群在与相邻种群隔离后消失了。 这种模式可能发生在班夫和Yoho国家公园，那里的灰熊在北美表现出最低的人口密度，体重和繁殖率。 尽管受到狩猎和道路死亡的保护，该地区的熊仍面临着栖息地生产力低下的挑战，以及最近加拿大太平洋铁路（CPR）维护的火车轨道上的高死亡率。 2011年，该研究地区有4只灰熊被杀，这是该地区经历的单次铁路和公路杀戮最高的一年，2012年又有2只被杀。 熊的急剧上升和持续死亡的原因尚不清楚，但不可避免地涉及许多相互作用的生物，地理和社会因素。