Molecular Phylogenetics & Biodiversity of Marine Macroalgae Emphasizing the Canadian Flora

分子系统发育学

• 批准号: 170151-2013
• 负责人: Saunders, Gary
• 金额: $ 4.37万
• 依托单位: University of New Brunswick
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=545798
• 关键词: Molecular; Phylogenetics; Biodiversity; Marine; Macroalgae

Biological diversity is essential for healthy ecosystems and is a key component of a nation's wealth. To manage and conserve this resource it is imperative to understand biodiversity from the genetic to ecosystem level. Part of this task is the preparation of biological inventories, coupled with an understanding of biogeography and ecology. Establishing inventories requires a system of classification in which to document diversity, which when based on relationships additionally provides a guide for those seeking to survey species for economically useful compounds. My major focus is on two ecologically and economically important groups - red (primary) and brown (secondary) macroalgae. We use powerful molecular tools to both establish our contemporary inventories and derive our insights on relationships. These tools are more objective than are anatomical expressions that may be influenced by convergent evolution or the environment in the form of plasticity. Specific objectives: To use molecular tools: 1) to resolve relatedness above and within ordinal lineages of red algae and use that information to: a) assess the evolution of their key characteristics (e.g., vegetative and reproductive anatomy, life history pattern); and b) establish natural classification systems; 2) to establish the first comprehensive list of macroalgae for Canadian waters and use these data to: a) ensure Canadian macroalgae are represented within a phylogenetic context (merge with previous objective); and b) couple the inventories and evolutionary relatedness data to distributional and ecological metadata to form a more complete understanding of macroalgal biodiversity and biogeography considering the importance of speciation rates, and migration and vicariance during the Pliestocene in shaping the Canadian macroalgal flora. Novel expected findings: The results will provide an invaluable resource to systematists and conservationists as we attempt to appreciate macroalgal diversity and relationships, and for industry in the search for novel products. Further, we will establish an understanding of past and contemporary migrations and introductions to acquire insights into future diversity and distribution of seaweeds in Canada's three oceans.

生物多样性对健康的生态系统至关重要，是一个国家财富的关键组成部分。 为了管理和保护这一资源，必须从遗传到生态系统层面了解生物多样性。这项任务的一部分是编制生物清单，同时了解地理学和生态学。 建立清单需要一个分类系统，在其中记录多样性，如果以关系为基础，还可以为那些试图调查物种以寻找经济上有用的化合物的人提供指导。 我的主要重点是两个生态和经济上重要的群体-红色（初级）和棕色（次级）大型藻类。我们使用强大的分子工具来建立我们的当代库存，并获得我们对关系的见解。这些工具比可能受到趋同进化或环境以可塑性形式影响的解剖学表达更客观。具体目标：要使用分子工具，请执行以下操作：1）解析红藻的顺序谱系之上和之内的相关性，并使用该信息来：a）评估它们的关键特征的进化（例如，营养和生殖解剖学，生活史模式）;和B）建立自然分类系统; 2）建立加拿大沃茨大型藻类的第一个全面清单，并使用这些数据：a）确保加拿大大型藻类在系统发育背景下得到代表（与先前的目标合并）;和B）将清单和进化相关性数据与分布和生态元数据相结合，以形成对大型藻类生物多样性和生态地理学的更完整理解考虑到在形成加拿大大型藻类植物群的上新世期间物种形成率、迁移和替代的重要性。 新的预期结果：这些结果将为系统学家和保护主义者提供宝贵的资源，因为我们试图欣赏大型藻类的多样性和关系，并为工业寻找新产品。此外，我们将建立对过去和当代移民和引进的理解，以深入了解加拿大三大洋海藻的未来多样性和分布。