Spectroscopy and dynamics of molecules at very low temperatures

极低温度下分子的光谱学和动力学

• 批准号: 311825-2010
• 负责人: Momose, Takamasa
• 金额: $ 6.56万
• 依托单位: University of British Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=548524
• 关键词: Spectroscopy; dynamics; molecules; very; low

Cold molecule research has grown rapidly in the last five years, inspired by the success of ultracold atom research. Since pronounced quantum effects emerge from thermal averages at low temperatures, cold molecules are expected to behave quite differently from those at high temperatures. Molecules have many special features that atoms do not have, i.e. rotational and vibrational motions, longer range multipole interactions, richer spatial structures, and richer chemical reactivities. Ensembles of cold molecules are therefore a treasury of new frontiers in both chemistry and physics completely unavailable by any other means. However, little is known about the intrinsic properties of cold molecules until now because it is still difficult to create molecules even at 1 K. My research has focused on developing new techniques to create cold molecules, and investigating physical and chemical properties of cold molecules by spectroscopy. My project in the next five years will consist of four topics: 1) Development of techniques to make cold (0.1 K) and ultracold (below 0.1 mK) molecules, 2) Coherent control of cold molecules by laser fields, 3) Spectroscopy of molecules in quantum condensed phases, and 4) Astronomical observation of interstellar molecules. Through these studies, new phenomena intrinsic to cold molecules will be investigated, such as quantum tunneling effects and the wave nature of molecules. Experiments on cold collisions and reactive scattering would take us into a strange new world in chemistry, namely ultracold chemistry, which may be relevant to interstellar chemistry. Coherent control such as the enantiomeric purification of racemic mixtures by laser fields is an important application of cold molecules to be tackled. Other applications include observation of small energy differences in chiral molecules, and development of quantum simulators/computers. Studies of molecules at very low temperatures open unlimited possibilities, in terms of not only basic natural sciences, but also practical applications, which offer a completely new field of research in physical chemistry. With my previous experience on cold molecule research and new original ideas, I will challenge this newly emerging field to make a seminal breakthrough.

受超冷原子研究成功的启发，冷分子研究在过去五年中迅速发展。由于低温下的热平均会产生明显的量子效应，因此冷分子的行为与高温下的分子完全不同。分子具有许多原子所不具有的特殊性质，即旋转和振动运动，更长范围的多极相互作用，更丰富的空间结构和更丰富的化学反应性。 因此，冷分子的集合体是化学和物理学新领域的宝库，是任何其他手段都无法获得的。然而，到目前为止，人们对冷分子的内在性质知之甚少，因为即使在1 K下也很难创造分子。我的研究重点是开发制造冷分子的新技术，并通过光谱学研究冷分子的物理和化学性质。我在未来五年的项目将包括四个主题：1）开发冷（0.1 K）和超冷（0.1 mK以下）分子的技术，2）通过激光场对冷分子的相干控制，3）量子凝聚相分子的光谱学，以及4）星际分子的天文观测。通过这些研究，将研究冷分子固有的新现象，如量子隧道效应和分子的波动性质。冷碰撞和反应散射的实验将把我们带入一个奇怪的化学新世界，即超冷化学，这可能与星际化学有关。相干控制，如通过激光场对外消旋混合物的对映体纯化，是冷分子待解决的重要应用。其他应用包括观察手性分子中的小能量差，以及量子模拟器/计算机的开发。在非常低的温度下对分子的研究不仅在基础自然科学方面，而且在实际应用方面，都开辟了无限的可能性，这为物理化学研究提供了一个全新的领域。凭借我以前在冷分子研究方面的经验和新的原创想法，我将挑战这个新兴领域，取得开创性的突破。