Advances in ladle metallurgy

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Ladle Metallurgy is the name given to processing steps between steelmaking and casting; it usually involves combinations of gas stirring, chemical refining with gas or slag, thermal homogenization and inclusion modification and removal. It is performed in a ladle (a vertical cylindrical vessel containing 100 to 250 tonnes of steel). Ladle Metallurgy is the last opportunity to adjust the composition of the steel; thus, it is crucial for making high-quality steel. Most steel plants in the world have Ladle Metallurgy. This project seeks to develop mathematical models of the process that can be used for better control of these processes. The steel industry is an important sector in the Canadian economy, and we have been working closely with them through our McMaster Steel Research Centre to transfer such technology to them.