Role of Scyl1 in the early secretory pathway

人类基因组编码的信息被翻译成蛋白质，蛋白质是细胞的基石，并执行所有细胞活动。某些种类的蛋白质存在于细胞膜上或由细胞分泌。这些蛋白质在一系列细胞膜内加工，统称为分泌途径。这一途径的最早站是内质网，蛋白质在这里受到最初的质量控制。从那里，它们被包装成囊泡，携带它们到下一站，高尔基体，在那里它们被添加糖修饰。由于囊泡是在内质网产生的，它们通常含有应该存在于内质网中的蛋白质。因此，这些蛋白质需要从高尔基体返回到内质网。另一类被称为COPI囊泡的囊泡介导这种“逆行”途径。copi介导的逆行转运是所有动物细胞中发现的一个基本过程，然而令人惊讶的是，这一过程的分子基础仍然不明确。本研究将揭示COPI囊泡形成和功能的分子基础的大量新信息。

The information encoded in the human genome is translated into proteins, which are the building blocks for cells and carry out all cellular activities. Certain classes of proteins reside in cell membranes or are secreted from cells. These proteins are processed in a series of intracellular membranes that are collectively known as the secretory pathway. The earliest station of this pathway is the endoplasmic reticulum, where proteins are subjected to an initial quality control. From there, they are packaged into vesicles that carry them to the next station, the Golgi apparatus where they are modified by the addition of sugars. As vesicles are generated at the endoplasmic reticulum they often incorporate proteins that should reside in the endoplasmic reticulum. Thus, these proteins need to be returned from the Golgi back to the endoplasmic reticulum. A separate class of vesicles called COPI vesicles mediates this "retrograde" pathway. COPI-mediated retrograde trafficking is a fundamental process found in all animal cells and yet surprisingly, the molecular underpinnings of this process remain poorly defined. The studies in this proposal will reveal substantial new information regarding the molecular basis for the formation and function of COPI vesicles.