Limnology and Biogeochemistry of Arctic Delta Lakes

北极三角洲湖泊的湖泊学和生物地球化学

• 批准号: 305389-2013
• 负责人: Lesack, Lance
• 金额: $ 1.46万
• 依托单位: Simon Fraser University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=571550
• 关键词: Limnology; Biogeochemistry; Arctic; Delta; Lakes

Since 1991, my research has been fully dedicated to Arctic aquatic science. I am using the Mackenzie Delta as a "natural laboratory" to develop a general understanding of lakes on large river floodplains, not before possible, via teasing apart the varied mechanisms that create the particular combination of high productivity, hydrologic complexity, and biodiversity characteristic of these systems. Large river floodplains represent vast areas of aquatic habitat world-wide, and global change is modifying the complex historical water level regimes that created these important systems. The circumpolar Arctic coast is particularly rich in such habitat, and a region where climate is changing more rapidly than anywhere else. The Mackenzie Delta is the second largest river floodplain in this region, and one of the world's prominent aquatic ecosystems. It is also a key ecosystem of the Canadian north because it functions as a biological hotspot within the region. This delta is also on the leading edge of Arctic coastal changes because it is located in an area of subsidence that has enhanced relative sea level rise. Over the next 5 years, my goals are to advance our understanding of how recently detected reductions in peak water levels and rising low-water levels will affect: (1) the ability of microbial communities to either release the carbon in these waters to the atmosphere as greenhouse gases or convert the carbon to a form ultimately consumed by fish and other organisms; and (2) the ability of Arctic delta habitat to function as a biological hotspot that affects delivery of riverine carbon to the ocean. Each of the above goals represents an exceptional opportunity for training graduate students, northern research assistants, and other highly qualified people, in Arctic fieldwork and in fundamental research of broad interest in Arctic aquatic sciences. Goal (1), in particular, will use traditional knowledge of water flow patterns in the Mackenzie Delta. Our work will directly benefit Arctic communities by helping to resolve whether Arctic deltas and their linked coastal ecosystems will respond resiliently or in unexpected ways to the multiple stresses of global change, as well as advancing our basic understanding of large river floodplains.

自1991年以来，我的研究一直致力于北极水生科学。我正在利用麦肯齐三角洲作为一个“自然实验室”，通过梳理不同的机制，创造了这些系统的高生产力，水文复杂性和生物多样性特征的特定组合，来对大型河流洪泛平原上的湖泊进行一般性的了解。大型河流漫滩代表了世界范围内广阔的水生生物栖息地，全球变化正在改变创造这些重要系统的复杂历史水位状况。环极北极海岸有着特别丰富的这种栖息地，而且这个地区的气候变化比其他任何地方都要快。麦肯齐三角洲是该地区第二大河流漫滩，也是世界上最重要的水生生态系统之一。它也是加拿大北部的一个重要生态系统，因为它是该地区的生物热点。这个三角洲也是北极海岸变化的前沿，因为它位于一个下沉区域，加剧了相对海平面的上升。在接下来的5年里，我的目标是促进我们对最近检测到的峰值水位下降和低水位上升将如何影响的理解：（1）微生物群落将这些沃茨中的碳作为温室气体释放到大气中或将碳转化为最终被鱼类和其他生物消耗的形式的能力;以及（2）北极三角洲栖息地作为影响河流碳向海洋输送的生物热点的能力。上述每一个目标都代表了一个特殊的机会，为培养研究生，北方研究助理，和其他高素质的人，在北极实地考察和基础研究的广泛兴趣，在北极水生科学。具体而言，目标（1）将利用关于麦肯齐三角洲水流模式的传统知识。 我们的工作将直接造福北极社区，帮助解决北极三角洲及其相连的沿海生态系统是否会对全球变化的多重压力做出弹性或意想不到的反应，以及推进我们对大型河流洪泛区的基本理解。