Ocean Remote Sensing Using High-frequency and Microwave Radars

使用高频和微波雷达进行海洋遥感

• 批准号: 402313-2012
• 负责人: Huang, Weimin
• 金额: $ 1.53万
• 依托单位: Memorial University of Newfoundland
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=573239
• 关键词: Ocean; Remote; Sensing; Using; frequency

High frequency surface wave radar (HFSWR) and microwave nautical radar (MNR) are widely employed in ocean remote sensing. HFSWR provides sea surface current, wind, wave and target information "over the horizon" due to the interaction of HF radio and ocean gravity waves. Traditionally, HFSWR systems have been land-based; compact ship-borne HFSWR has also been used but is subject to distortion of the Doppler spectra due to platform motion. Most HFSWR systems in use rely on a monostatic configuration in which the transmitting and receiving components are at the same location. In order to reduce the cost and potentially improve coverage, research on operating HF radar bistatically - i.e. transmission and reception occur at different sites - is necessary. Sea surface information can also be retrieved from the MNR images that contain the spatial and temporal structure of the ocean surface. MNR provides sea surface information with better range resolution but has limited coverage. In order to provide real-time information for applications in areas such as search and rescue, oil spill control and marine navigation, MNR needs to be further investigated. A long-term goal of this research program is to integrate HFSWR and MNR into a comprehensive coastal ocean observation network in Eastern Canada. To help achieve this, we will address issues associated with HFSWR antenna motion and the extraction of sea surface information from MNR data. The research will seek to (1) gain an improved understanding of HF radio wave scattering from the ocean surface and to further develop theoretical models and application algorithms for HFSWR ocean remote sensing; and (2) explore the methods of sea surface current fields, wave information extraction and target surveillance from MNR images for possible data fusion with HFSWR results. Our research will add knowledge to key theoretical and applied areas in ocean remote sensing. It will lead to an improvement in marine safety and provide ocean surface data products that do not presently exist in Canada. In doing so, we will meet the ongoing needs of the Department of National Defence, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, the Canadian Coast Guard and other marine stakeholders.

高频地波雷达(HFSWR)和微波航海雷达(MNR)广泛应用于海洋遥感。高频地波雷达通过高频无线电波和海洋重力波的相互作用，“在地平线上”提供海面流、风、浪和目标信息。传统上，高频地波雷达系统一直是陆基的；紧凑型舰载高频地波雷达也被使用，但由于平台运动，多普勒频谱容易失真。目前使用的大多数高频地波雷达系统依赖于单站配置，其中发射和接收组件位于同一位置。为了降低成本并潜在地提高覆盖范围，有必要研究高频雷达的双基地工作--即发射和接收发生在不同的地点。还可以从包含海面时空结构的MNR图像中提取海面信息。MNR提供的海面信息具有更好的距离分辨率，但覆盖范围有限。为了为搜救、溢油控制和海洋导航等领域的应用提供实时信息，需要对MNR进行进一步的研究。 该研究计划的一个长期目标是将HFSWR和MNR整合到加拿大东部的一个全面的沿海海洋观测网络中。为了帮助实现这一点，我们将解决与高频地波雷达天线运动和从MNR数据提取海面信息相关的问题。这项研究将寻求(1)加深对海面高频无线电波散射的理解，并进一步发展高频地波雷达海洋遥感的理论模型和应用算法；(2)探索从MNR图像中提取海流、波浪信息和目标监视的方法，以便与高频地波雷达结果进行数据融合。我们的研究将为海洋遥感的关键理论和应用领域增添知识。它将改善海洋安全，并提供加拿大目前不存在的海面数据产品。通过这样做，我们将满足加拿大国防、渔业和海洋部、加拿大海岸警卫队和其他海洋利益攸关方的持续需求。