Monitoring land reclamation and ecosystem sustainability in the Greater Sudbury Region

监测大萨德伯里地区的土地复垦和生态系统可持续性

• 批准号: 470535-2014
• 负责人: Nkongolo, Kabwe
• 金额: $ 2.7万
• 依托单位: Laurentian University of Sudbury
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Research and Development Grants
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2015-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=577560
• 关键词: Monitoring; land; reclamation; ecosystem; sustainability

A collaborative research project was initiated in 2005 with funding from NSERC, Vale - Limited and Glencore. Key results from the initial two phases that focused on assessing the sustainability of reclaimed lands in the Greater Sudbury Region (GSR) can be summarized as follows: 1) the bioavailable portion of the anthropogenic metal content is very small; 2) soil acidity (pH) and bioavailable aluminum appear to be the key limiting factors for plant growth in the ecosystems studied; 3) species potentially suitable for phytoremediation in the GSR were identified and characterized; 4) key conifer populations are sustainable for the long term, with red pine being the notable exception; 5) the regional tree planting initiatives have increased the genetic variability for the pine populations; 6) the observed genetic variations in the hardwood populations are moderate to high indicating long term sustainability; 7) liming appears to have improved overall forest population health, with differences between limed sites in the GSR and distal comparison sites being still discernible; and 8) Overall, metal contaminated sites show poor forest health and biodiversity compared to distal comparison sites.This final leg of the program aims at 1) determining the association between above ground plant diversity and soil microbial diversity for long term forest ecosystem sustainability in the GSR and 2) identifying management practices and factors affecting soil microbial diversity. Preliminary study related to the current proposal for few sites revealed that microbial activity and soil health can be assessed using simple cost-effective techniques. In the present proposal, soil microbial diversity and abundance will be analyzed in details for all the sites using a cocktail of updated techniques: phospholipid fatty acid analysis (PLFA) and megagenomics. Microbial functions will be assessed using soil respiration and enzymatic assays. It is expected that the results of this complete study will provide to stakeholders a regional map related to the ecological sustainability of terrestrial ecosystems and the success of risk management approaches in the GSR. More importantly, the project will train a number of highly qualified personnel.

2005年，在NSERC、Vale - Limited和Glencore的资助下启动了一个合作研究项目。通过对大萨德伯里地区（GSR）复垦土地可持续性评价的前两个阶段的主要结果可以概括如下：1）人为重金属含量中生物有效部分很小; 2）土壤酸度（pH）和生物有效铝似乎是所研究生态系统中植物生长的关键限制因素; 3）确定了可能适合于GSR植物修复的物种并进行了表征; 4）主要针叶树种群是长期可持续的，红松是明显的例外; 5）区域植树计划增加了松树种群的遗传变异性; 6）硬木种群中观察到的遗传变异是中度到高度的，表明长期的可持续性; 7）石灰处理似乎改善了森林种群的整体健康状况，GSR中石灰处理地点和远端比较地点之间的差异仍然可以看出;（8）总体而言，与远距离对照点相比，金属污染点的森林健康状况和生物多样性较差。确定地表植物多样性和土壤微生物多样性之间的关系，以实现GSR森林生态系统的长期可持续性; 2）确定影响土壤微生物多样性的管理措施和因素。对目前提议的几个地点进行的初步研究表明，可以使用简单的成本效益高的技术来评估微生物活动和土壤健康。在本提案中，将使用磷脂脂肪酸分析（PLFA）和大基因组学等最新技术对所有地点的土壤微生物多样性和丰度进行详细分析。将使用土壤呼吸和酶测定法评估微生物功能。预计这一完整研究的结果将为利益攸关方提供一份与陆地生态系统的生态可持续性和海矿资源风险管理方法的成功有关的区域地图。更重要的是，该项目将培养一批高素质的人才。