Automatic refactoring of test clones

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Test maintenance accounts for a substantial fraction of total software development effort: Tests account for 21% of the 1.95 million lines of code in our benchmark suite of 10 open-source Java projects drawn from a variety of domains. Moreover, test code is often repetitive, since it exercises similar functionality. Hence, test cases often consist of methods that are quite similar to each other. In past work, we have found that 44% of the tests in our benchmark suite are similar to-or clones of-at least one other method in the suite. The proposed research will develop a classification of test clones and design and implement novel refactoring techniques for such clones. We will develop a tool that classifies and ranks test clones in a test suite and automatically applies desired test refactorings, improving the extensibility and maintainability of test suites.