Fuel Minimization and addition of Solar Arrays for Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) with parallel configuration

混合动力电动汽车（HEV）包括电动机、逆变器、电池组和带有燃料箱的内燃机（ICE）。在插件HEV（或PHEV）中，内置电池充电器与外部连接器底座一起添加，允许用户从120V或240V交流插座为电池充电。在过去的两年里，许多插电式混合动力汽车进入了消费市场（例如丰田普锐斯混合动力插件），其特点是全电动汽车续航里程短（电池尺寸小），混合动力汽车续航里程长。这是一个仍然需要研究的领域。在混合动力并联配置中，电动机和内燃机（ICE）同时提供车辆牵引力所需的机械扭矩。ICE和电动马达驱动器的额定功率均低于车辆总额定功率，从而大大减少了ICE的质量和体积。申请人所做的早期研究侧重于在给定车辆总标称功率的ICE额定值下，在这种并联插电式混合动力汽车上实施的功率共享策略。研究表明，要实现最小油耗的动力共享策略，应以电池逐渐耗尽为目标，仅在行程结束时才能获得最小的电池充电状态。发现纯电动汽车和ICE-EV之间的最佳过渡可以用转矩阈值T_lim来定义，该阈值是电动机转速的函数，但也取决于行驶周期、行程长度和电池的初始充电状态。这种策略与传统的基于规则的策略不同，传统的基于规则的策略迫使电池在进入充电持续模式之前完全耗尽。

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEV) include an electric motor, an inverter, a battery pack, and an Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) with its fuel tank. In the Plugin HEV (or PHEV), an on-board battery charger is added with an external connector dock, allowing the user to charge the battery from the 120V or 240V AC outlet. During the last 2 years, a number of PHEVs have entered the consumer market (e.g. Toyota Prius Hybrid Plugin), which feature a short all-EV range (and low battery size) with a long hybrid range. This is an area where research is still necessary. In the hybrid parallel configuration, the electric motor and Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) simultaneously provide the mechanical torque required for the vehicle traction. The ICE and electric motor drive each have a nominal power rating lower than the vehicle total power rating, allowing substantial reduction in the ICE mass and volume. Earlier research done by the applicant has focused on the power-sharing strategies to be implemented on such parallel PHEV with a given ICE rating of the total vehicle nominal power. The research has shown that the power-sharing strategy to be implemented for minimum fuel consumption should target progressive battery depletion with the minimum battery State of Charge obtained only at the end of the trip. The optimal transition between All-EV operation and ICE-EV operation was found to be definable by a torque threshold T_lim, which is a function of the electric motor rotational speed, but also dependent upon the driving cycle, the trip length and the battery initial state of charge. This strategy is different from the conventional rule-based strategy, which forces a complete battery depletion before entering a charge sustaining mode.