Seismic acquisition system for induced earthquake monitoring and analysis

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Recent earthquakes in Fox Creek, Alberta have sparked a global debate on the risks and environmental impacts of hydraulic fracturing (for short, 'fracking') for enhanced oil and gas recovery. Three earthquakes in this previously quiescent region exceeded a moment magnitude of 4.0, which rank among the largest fracking-induced events in the world. Injection operations were temporarily suspended in June 2015, in compliance with the first Traffic-light subsurface regulation in Canada. The lack of seismic receivers in the vicinity of shale gas stimulation wells, however, greatly hamper the detection and location of earthquakes, especially the magnitude 2-4 events that are crucial to the evaluation of subsurface fault(s), criticality and stress conditions.