Revisionary taxonomy of selected higher Diptera (Cyclorrhapha)

选定高等双翅目（Cyclorhapha）的修订分类

• 批准号: 400-2012
• 负责人: Marshall, Stephen
• 金额: $ 2.99万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=592632
• 关键词: Revisionary; taxonomy; selected; higher; Diptera

With over 150,000 known species and at least as many awaiting formal description, the flies (order Diptera) comprise at least 20% of biodiversity and are of enormous ecological and economic importance. Despite this, many groups remain poorly known. Careful examination of particular lineages (monophyletic groups) of Diptera consistently yields new species, new distributions and other discoveries. Additionally, specimen study leading to the publication of revisions or reviews makes both new and old species names available, and provides ready access to all the associated information associated with those names. The main objective of the proposed research is to revise selected lineages of Diptera, clarifying the identity, distribution and relationships of component taxa. The major focal groups will be the ubiquitous acalyptrate family Sphaeroceridae and related groups (especially Heleomyzidae) and the smaller acalyptrate family Micropezidae and related lineages. These taxa were selected in part as a logical extension of a long-term research program on their superfamilies, and in part to follow up on research problems that arose during the preparation of chapters on various families for the recent Manual of Central American Diptera. Participation in that project led to the development of the first keys to neotropical genera of several families, and led to the discovery of numerous new genera and species. The description and revision of those genera and their included species is an essential first step to clarifying the taxonomy of the families in question, thus providing a framework for further studies in biodiversity and ecology. Existing study collections will be enhanced using specialized collecting techniques, observation and image recording, and further supplemented by borrowing existing collections from major museums worldwide. Monophyletic groups will be thoroughly revised using all practical characters, starting with morphology (especially internal morphology of the male and female terminalia) to efficiently identify component taxa, develop keys, and construct phylogenetic hypotheses. Behavioral and molecular characters will then be used to resolve problem areas and improve phylogenetic hypotheses.

已知有超过150，000种，至少有同样多的物种正在等待正式描述，苍蝇（双翅目）至少占生物多样性的20%，具有巨大的生态和经济重要性。尽管如此，许多群体仍然鲜为人知。对双翅目的特定谱系（单系类群）的仔细研究不断地产生新的物种、新的分布和其他发现。此外，通过对标本的研究，出版了修订或评论，使新的和旧的物种名称都可以获得，并提供了与这些名称有关的所有相关信息。拟开展的研究的主要目的是修订双翅目的部分谱系，阐明组成分类群的身份、分布和关系。主要的重点群体将是普遍存在的acacritrates家庭Sphaeroceridae和相关群体（特别是Heleomyzidae）和较小的acritrates家庭Micropezidae和相关谱系。这些分类群被选中，部分原因是对其总科的长期研究计划的逻辑延伸，部分原因是为了跟进最近的中美洲双翅目手册中有关各个科的章节的编写过程中出现的研究问题。参与该项目导致了几个科的新热带属的第一批检索表的编制，并导致了许多新属和新物种的发现。这些属及其所包含种的描述和修订是澄清所讨论的科的分类的重要的第一步，从而为生物多样性和生态学的进一步研究提供框架。将利用专门的收集技术、观察和图像记录来加强现有的研究收藏，并通过从世界各地的主要博物馆借用现有收藏来进一步补充。单系群将彻底修订使用所有的实际字符，从形态（特别是内部形态的男性和女性的终端），有效地确定组分类群，开发的关键，并构建系统发育假说。行为和分子特征，然后将用于解决问题的领域和改善系统发育假说。