Isotopic tracers and chronometers of Earth surface processes (Arctic/subarctic realm)

地球表面过程的同位素示踪剂和计时器（北极/亚北极地区）

• 批准号: 444885-2013
• 负责人: HillaireMarcel, Claude
• 金额: $ 1.31万
• 依托单位: Université du Québec à Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Northern Research Supplement
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=597016
• 关键词: Isotopic; tracers; chronometers; Earth; surface

The research follows two complementary tracks contributing to international initiatives about Earth system science issues: i) the dynamics of climate and ocean, and ii) the impact of climatic changes on land erosion, geochemical cycles and sea-levels, with focus on high Northern Hemisphere latitudes. The first track aims at predicting the future of the Canadian Arctic under a warmer globe with attention paid to i) the fate of sea-ice and its impact on sedimentary regimes, ii) continental ice decay and runoff, iii) their impact on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation and on global sea-levels. Conditions during past "warm" intervals, the Pliocene and thermal optima of the past- and present interglacial stages, and transition intervals towards such climatic optima, will be reconstructed and used to identify changes in boundary conditions and for testing current climate model abilities to reproduce such past-synopses. Stable, radioactive and radiogenic isotope analysis of geological archives, in particular of deep-sea sediments, constitute primary tools for the planned studies. They provide access to geological time and a large array of paleo-environmental parameters, thus to "pre antropogenically-modified" states of the Earth system, at time scale varying from million years to the present. Complementary efforts towards using some of the above isotopic tracers for the monitoring of modern environments constitute the second research track, through a project of the International Atomic Energy Agency on "Isotopic tools to assess anthropogenic impacts on water quantity and quality on large river systems", at planning stage. Here, the focus will be on the Mackenzie, St. Lawrence, circum-Hudson Bay and Hudson Strait rivers, both for tracer-calibration purposes and the documenting of on-going anthropogenically- vs naturally-driven processes with impact on soil erosion, runoff, sediment and chemical fluxes from the land to the ocean. This program has thus basics and socially relevant objectives and will permit the training of up to 20 graduate or post-doctoral scientists in domains of importance for the development of the North and/or the assessment of soil and water resources under the present anthropogenic pressure.

该研究遵循两条互补的曲目，促进了有关地球系统科学问题的国际举措：i）气候和海洋的动态，ii）气候变化对土地侵蚀，地球化学周期和海平面的影响，重点是北半球高纬度。第一条曲目旨在预测加拿大北极的未来在温暖的地球仪下的未来，并引起人们对i）海冰的命运及其对沉积物制度的影响，ii）ii）大陆冰衰局和径流，iii）对大西洋子午线倾倒循环以及全球海平面的影响。在过去的“温暖”时间间隔内，将重建和当前冰间阶段的上新世和热最佳选择，以及向这种气候优化的过渡间隔，并将用于识别边界条件的变化，并用于测试当前气候模型能力以重现这种过去的杂种。地质档案的稳定，放射性和放射性同位素分析，尤其是深海沉积物，构成了计划研究的主要工具。它们提供了进入地质时间和一系列古环境参数的访问权限，从而在时间尺度上以“地球系统的肿瘤前修饰”状态为“预先定型”状态，从百万到现在。通过在规划阶段，通过国际原子能局的“同位素工具评估人为对水量和质量对大型河流系统的质量影响”的项目，使用上述一些同位素示踪剂来监测现代环境的互补努力构成了第二个研究轨道。在这里，重点将放在Mackenzie，St. Lawrence，Burn-Hudson Bay和Hudson Strait Rivers上，都是用于示踪作用的目的，以及正在进行的人为人的自然驱动过程的记录，并影响了从陆地到海洋的土壤侵蚀，径流，径流，沉积物和化学磁通的影响。因此，该计划具有基本知识和与社会相关的目标，并将允许在对北部发展的重要性领域和/或在当前的人为压力下评估土壤和水资源的重要性领域中多达20名研究生或博士后科学家的培训。