Exploiting the geochemical behaviour of inorganic residues in view of waste valorization

从废物增值的角度利用无机残留物的地球化学行为

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-03670
• 负责人: Chiang, EmilyYiWai
• 金额: $ 1.82万
• 依托单位: University of Guelph
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=612498
• 关键词: Exploiting; geochemical; behaviour; inorganic; residues

Current and forecasted levels of worldwide industrial activities, driven by an expanding, increasingly more urbanized global population, have surpassed the sustainable thresholds of natural resources and the environment. In particular, management of corrosive/toxic waste is an ongoing issue for mining and metallurgical industries in Canada and globally. However, perception towards them has gradually shifted; many waste streams are now considered low-cost alternatives to virgin resources, making it possible to diminish their environmental footprint, and close production life-cycles. Therefore, research in waste valorization technologies, in combination with understanding physical and thermodynamic behaviours of the materials, is crucial. The central theme of my research program is the valorization of inorganic industrial residues, substantiated by knowledge of material behaviour. Three valorization approaches are considered: (i) conversion of the wastes into high-value products; (ii) stabilization of the wastes for safe application or storage; and (iii) extraction of valuable components from the wastes. The short-term objective of this NSERC-supported program is to apply advanced analytical techniques to better characterize the intrinsic mineralogical, micro-structural and geochemical properties of slag minerals, with a focus on amorphous and meta-stable phases. A new series of minerals will be studied, and a wider consideration of different heavy-metals will be made, in view of future slag chemistries and more stringent leaching regulations. The approach taken consists of: (a) synthesizing crystalline and amorphous minerals; (b) characterizing the elemental distribution, the heavy-metal speciation, and the presence of solid-solutions in the minerals; and (c) assessing the geochemical behaviour of the prepared materials when subjected to various treatment processes. The linking of analytical data, laboratory treatment test results and modelling predictions will provide valuable insight into weathering and waste valorization reactions. The knowledge generated will serve to develop industrial processes that can use the residues as input materials; to predict long-term release behaviour into the environment during storage; and to preemptively modify the residue composition during production. In particular, this knowledge will support research activities in the areas of biomining, atom-efficient processing, in-situ remediation and catalyst development. With a focus on utilization/valorization of inorganic residues, this research program is expected to lead to innovative industrial processes and product applications.

在不断扩大的、日益城市化的全球人口的推动下，目前和预测的全球工业活动水平已经超过了自然资源和环境的可持续门槛。特别是，腐蚀性/有毒废物的管理是加拿大和全球采矿和冶金行业的一个持续存在的问题。然而，人们对它们的看法已经逐渐转变；许多废物现在被认为是原始资源的低成本替代品，从而有可能减少它们的环境足迹，并缩短生产生命周期。因此，研究废物定价技术，结合了解材料的物理和热力学行为，是至关重要的。 我的研究计划的中心主题是无机工业残留物的价态，通过材料行为的知识得到证实。考虑了三种作价办法：(1)将废物转化为高价值产品；(2)使废物稳定，以便安全使用或储存；(3)从废物中提取有价值的成分。 这项由NSERC支持的计划的短期目标是应用先进的分析技术，更好地表征矿渣矿物的内在矿物学、微观结构和地球化学性质，重点是非晶相和亚稳定相。鉴于未来的矿渣化学和更严格的浸出法规，将研究一系列新的矿物，并将更广泛地考虑不同的重金属。所采取的办法包括：(A)合成晶态和非晶态矿物；(B)表征矿物中的元素分布、重金属形态和固溶体的存在；以及(C)评估所制备材料在经过各种处理过程时的地球化学行为。将分析数据、实验室处理测试结果和模型预测联系起来，将为风化和废物价化反应提供有价值的见解。 所产生的知识将有助于开发可将残留物用作投入材料的工业工艺；预测储存期间向环境中的长期释放行为；以及在生产过程中先发制人地修改残留物成分。特别是，这些知识将支持生物挖掘、原子效率处理、就地修复和催化剂开发等领域的研究活动。以无机残渣的利用/价化为重点，这一研究计划有望导致创新的工业工艺和产品应用。