Superheated steam drying and processing of biological materials.

生物材料的过热蒸汽干燥和加工。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-06262
• 负责人: Cenkowski, Stefan
• 金额: $ 2.11万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=614044
• 关键词: Superheated; steam; drying; processing; biological

Conventional hot-air drying is energy intensive and accounts for about 15% of the industrial energy consumption in most industrial countries. The path to reduced energy consumption and associated with it CO2 emissions will depend on breakthrough technologies. Superheated steam (SS) is dry steam which is produced when its temperature is above the saturation point at a given pressure. SS drying is a novel alternative to conventional hot-air drying as it provides increased efficiency, higher drying rates, reduced emissions and improved safety. Since the technique complies with the new trend toward energy efficiency and low environmental impact, it is becoming an increasingly attractive alternative for drying materials that range from granules (e.g., wood granules, oat groats, brown coal) to slurry (e.g., biomass, spent grain, fish meal). Drying slurries is challenging and can be solved by recycling dry product as inert material and mixing it with wet material. This requires systematic exploration of material properties that continuously change during drying. Therefore, an understanding of the dynamic interaction between the material being dried and the drying SS medium is critical. This research program will develop a mathematical model describing drying in SS of slurry on an inert core of recycled dry material, and will determine the effect of SS parameters on material’s physical integrity in static and dynamic conditions. Stillage obtained from a local distillery will be separated into soluble and coarse fraction. The coarse fraction will be compacted to various shapes (cylinders, and disks) and dried in SS. It will then serve as the inert dry material. The slurry (a composition of the coarse fraction and solubles) will be deposited on the compact inert material and then dried in various temperatures and velocities of SS. The recorded moisture and temperature changes of the compact and the deposited slurry will be the basis for developing mathematical models of drying in SS of the two-layer material. A numerical technique will be used to develop a mathematical model addressing the effect of particle size on moisture diffusivity. Changes in physical properties of the compacts over the course of drying in SS will be determined experimentally and described mathematically. SS has been successfully used in drying of food and non-food products substantially reducing the drying time and size of driers when compared to conventional dryers. Modelling of SS drying on an inert- recycled material and linking that information to materials’ properties will provide in-depth knowledge on the drying process that will be essential to processors and design engineers.

传统的热风干燥是能源密集型的，占大多数工业国家工业能源消耗的15%左右。减少能源消耗和相关二氧化碳排放的途径将取决于突破性技术。过热蒸汽（SS）是在给定压力下温度高于饱和点时产生的干蒸汽。SS干燥是传统热风干燥的一种新的替代方案，因为它提供了更高的效率，更高的干燥速率，减少排放和提高安全性。由于该技术符合能源效率和低环境影响的新趋势，因此它正在成为干燥颗粒（例如，木材颗粒，燕麦，褐煤）成浆（例如，生物质、酒糟、鱼粉）。干燥浆料具有挑战性，可以通过将干燥产品作为惰性材料回收并将其与湿材料混合来解决。这需要系统地探索在干燥过程中不断变化的材料特性。因此，理解被干燥的材料和干燥SS介质之间的动态相互作用是至关重要的。该研究计划将开发一个数学模型，描述在SS中的浆料在回收的干材料的惰性芯上的干燥，并将确定SS参数在静态和动态条件下对材料的物理完整性的影响。 从当地酿酒厂获得的酒糟将被分离成可溶性和粗粒级分。将粗粒部分压实成各种形状（圆柱体和圆盘），并在SS中干燥。然后，它将用作惰性干燥材料。浆料（粗粒部分和可溶物的组合物）将沉积在致密的惰性材料上，然后在各种温度和SS速度下干燥。记录的水分和温度的变化的紧凑和沉积的浆料将是发展的数学模型的基础上干燥SS的两层材料。数值技术将被用来开发一个数学模型，解决颗粒尺寸对水分扩散率的影响。在SS中干燥过程中压坯物理性质的变化将通过实验确定并进行数学描述。 SS已成功用于食品和非食品产品的干燥，与传统干燥机相比，大大减少了干燥时间和干燥机的尺寸。在惰性回收材料上模拟SS干燥并将该信息与材料的特性联系起来，将提供关于干燥过程的深入知识，这对处理器和设计工程师至关重要。