Mineralogical and geochemical approaches to tectonic problems

构造问题的矿物学和地球化学方法

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04310
• 负责人: PePiper, Georgia
• 金额: $ 2.4万
• 依托单位: Saint Mary's University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=614979
• 关键词: Mineralogical; geochemical; approaches; tectonic; problems

The proposed work uses the mineral composition of rocks to better understand aspects of the Earth’s tectonic history. The first part of the work is carried out in the Scotian Basin, offshore Nova Scotia, where both oil and gas have been produced from deeply buried sandstones that are 100 to 150 million years old. I analyse minerals from the sandstones, to determine the original source of the sands that were deposited in large deltas. The rivers supplying sand to the deltas were likely controlled by the effects on the landscape of progressive opening of the North Atlantic Ocean and Labrador Sea. The type of sands transported by rivers influences the quality of the sandstones as reservoir rocks for oil and gas. The migration of fluids within the basin also influences reservoir quality. I will use evidence from mineral cements and their fluid inclusions to understand how movement of buried salt affected fluid migration and reservoir quality. A second part of the work uses minerals in igneous rocks such as granites to better understand where the parent magmas were derived from, where the rocks crystallised, and how they were altered by later ore-depositing fluids. This component of the work is directed at understanding better the tectonic history of continental areas behind active subduction zones. Undergraduate and graduate students will be educated in methods of geological problem solving using minerals that contribute to broader questions of tectonics.

这项拟议中的工作利用岩石的矿物成分来更好地了解地球构造历史的各个方面。第一部分工作在新斯科舍省近海的斯科舍盆地进行，那里的石油和天然气都是从1亿至1.5亿年前的深埋砂岩中开采出来的。我分析砂岩中的矿物质，以确定沉积在大型三角洲中的沙子的原始来源。向三角洲提供沙子的河流可能受到北大西洋和拉布拉多海逐渐开放对景观的影响的控制。河流搬运的砂的类型影响作为油气储集岩的砂岩的质量。盆地内流体的运移也影响储层质量。我将使用矿物胶结物及其流体包裹体的证据来了解埋藏盐的运动如何影响流体运移和储层质量。该工作的第二部分使用花岗岩等火成岩中的矿物来更好地了解母岩浆的来源、岩石的结晶位置以及它们如何被后来的成矿流体改变。这部分工作旨在更好地了解活跃俯冲带后面大陆地区的构造历史。本科生和研究生将接受使用有助于更广泛的构造问题的矿物解决地质问题的方法的教育。