Study the mechanisms of histone deacetylases -HD2s for drought response in plants

研究组蛋白脱乙酰酶-HD2s对植物干旱响应的机制

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05788
• 负责人: Tian, Lining
• 金额: $ 2.26万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2016-01-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=615904
• 关键词: Study; mechanisms; histone; deacetylases; HD2s

In eukaryotes, the nucleosome is the functional unit of chromatin. The nucleosome consists of DNA and histone proteins and DNA wraps on the histone octamer that contains two copies of histone H2A, H2B, H3 and H4. The N-terminal tails of histone proteins are often subjected to different posttranslational modifications, such as acetylation. Histone acetylation is controlled by histone acetyltransferases (HAT) and histone deacetylases (HDACs). Histone deacetylases are an ancient group of enzymes that are widely present in various organisms. Research has shown that the HDACs control a range of important biological processes in plants, especially plant development and response to environmental stresses. Plants contain a specific group of HDACs, HD2s. HD2s show little similarity in structure with other HDAC families and it appears HD2s are well conserved in plants. Research has indicated that control of HD2 expression can increase plant tolerance to certain abiotic stress. At this time, little is known about the molecular mechanisms of how HD2s regulate gene expression in response to environmental stresses. In this research, we will use Arabidopsis as model plant and conduct a series of research to study different aspects of HD2 functions in plants in response to abiotic stresses. We will study gene expression patterns of different HD2s in plants. We will then reveal the relationship of different HD2 members in response to drought stress. The involvement of HD2s in abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated abiotic responsive pathway will be investigated. Finally, we will reveal HD2s regulated stress response genes and investigate how HD2s regulate stress response genes. Our long term research goals are to reveal the insights and mechanisms of different types HDACs in regulating gene expression in plant response to environmental stresses. The results and knowledge generated from the research can be used for development of plants and crops for abiotic stress tolerance.

在真核生物中，核小体是染色质的功能单位。核小体由DNA和组蛋白蛋白组成，DNA包裹在组蛋白八聚体上，组蛋白八聚体含有两个拷贝的组蛋白H_2A、H_2B、H_3和H_4。组蛋白的N末端经常受到不同的翻译后修饰，如乙酰化。组蛋白乙酰化由组蛋白乙酰转移酶(HAT)和组蛋白脱乙酰酶(HDACs)控制。组蛋白脱乙酰酶是一组古老的酶，广泛存在于各种生物体中。研究表明，HDAC控制着植物体内一系列重要的生物学过程，特别是植物的发育和对环境胁迫的反应。植物含有一组特定的HDAC，即HD2。HD2在结构上与其他HDAC家族几乎没有相似性，这表明HD2在植物中保存得很好。研究表明，控制HD2的表达可以提高植物对某些非生物胁迫的耐受性。目前，人们对HD2如何调节基因表达以应对环境压力的分子机制知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们将以拟南芥为模式植物，进行一系列研究，以研究植物中HD2功能的不同方面对非生物胁迫的响应。我们将研究不同HD2在植物中的基因表达模式。然后，我们将揭示不同的HD2成员在应对干旱胁迫方面的关系。将研究HD2在脱落酸(ABA)介导的非生物反应途径中的作用。最后，我们将揭示HD2S调控的应激反应基因，并研究HD2S如何调控应激反应基因。我们的长期研究目标是揭示不同类型的HDAC在植物对环境胁迫反应中调控基因表达的洞察力和机制。研究产生的结果和知识可用于开发耐非生物胁迫的植物和作物。