Chemistry and corrosion in nuclear and coventional power system coolants

这里描述的研究是1992年在新不伦瑞克大学作为NSERC工业研究主席开始的项目的发展。该项目以电力系统冷却剂技术为基础，主要是但不完全是核冷却剂，研究小组专注于水路的化学和腐蚀。在高温高压下工作的实验回路最初是由UNB化学工程系实验室的团队设计和建造的，并且从那时起（经过一些改进和特别修改）一直被全职使用。该研究提高了对腐蚀和材料运输的理解，并解决了一些紧迫的工业问题，例如：系统材料的腐蚀（在化石和核电站中，给水管破裂并导致工作人员死亡）；蒸汽发生器和其他热交换器被腐蚀产物污染（降低效率并促进腐蚀）；核反应堆主冷却剂中的物质输送（这会导致堆芯和其他部件的污染，增加辐射场和工作人员的辐射剂量）。该小组计划中的一个补充项目开发了一种处理铀的新流程表，有望降低CANDU燃料生产的成本和浪费。业界的持续支持证明了该计划的相关性，以前来自AECL和NB Power，他们资助了最初的IRC，后来来自CANDU业主集团（COG），特别是NB Power， OPG和Bruce Power。该小组的活动应该继续吸引来自电力研究所（EPRI）等组织的研究合同，EPRI自该小组成立以来就资助了该小组的项目，并在过去几年中继续签订了五份主要合同。

The research described here is a development of the program that began as an NSERC Industrial Research Chair at the University of New Brunswick in 1992. That program was based on the technology of power system coolants, mainly but not exclusively nuclear, and the research group concentrated on the chemistry and corrosion of water circuits. Experimental loops to operate at high temperature and high pressure were originally designed and built by the group in laboratories in the Chemical Engineering Department at UNB, and have been used (with some improvements and ad hoc modifications) full-time ever since. The research improves understanding of corrosion and material transport and addresses immediate industrial problems such as: corrosion of system materials (which has ruptured feedwater pipes and killed staff in fossil and nuclear plants); fouling of steam generators and other heat exchangers with corrosion products (which reduces efficiency and promotes corrosion); and, material transport in nuclear reactor primary coolants (which leads to fouling in the core and other components and increases radiation fields and worker radiation dose). A complementary project within the group's program develops a novel flow sheet for processing uranium, which promises to reduce costs and waste in the production of CANDU fuel. Continuing support from industry attests to the relevance of the program, formerly from AECL and NB Power who funded the original IRC and latterly from the CANDU Owners Group (COG), specifically NB Power, OPG and Bruce Power. The activities of the group should continue to attract research contracts from organisations such as the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), which has funded projects with the group since its inception and has continued with five major contracts over the last few years.