Mastoidectomy Simulator for Surgical Training and Rehearsal

用于手术训练和排练的乳突切除术模拟器

• 批准号: 508411-2017
• 负责人: Ladak, Hanif
• 金额: $ 6.48万
• 依托单位: University of Western Ontario
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Collaborative Health Research Projects
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=621907
• 关键词: Mastoidectomy; Simulator; Surgical; Training; Rehearsal

Mastoidectomy is a complex surgical procedure in which portions of the skull are drilled awayto treat ear infections, to place cochlear implants and to remove tumours. Hundreds ofthousands of mastoidectomies are performed worldwide each year with surgical complicationrates as high as 20%. Surgical mistakes are disastrous and include facial nerve paralysis,hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo and altered taste. Significant training is required to master theprocedure. However, training is hampered by a shortage of cadaveric materials. To providean alternative training approach, we have developed a virtual-reality simulator that allows theuser to operate on a single 3D digital head model. Practice on a single model does notprepare trainees for the large variability in patient anatomy, but creating additional models isdifficult. Moreover, careful evaluation of the simulator is required for acceptance.Our objectives are to (1) develop software to automatically construct digital models frompatient images, (2) implement automated performance assessment methods, and (3)evaluate skill development and transfer from the virtual environment to realistic settings.We will develop software to automatically warp a template digital anatomical model to matcha specific patient image, thus generating models for new patients. We will implementsoftware that automates evaluation of each trainees performance when operating on virtualhead models. The software will be based on well validated metrics that are used in currentpractice by instructors. To evaluate skill development and transfer, an expert panel ofOtolaryngologists will evaluate trainees on cadaveric skulls before and after training using thesimulator.The simulator will result in increased and improved training opportunities on a wide variety ofpatient types. Moreover, it will allow rehearsal on a digital model prior to surgery on a specificanatomy, leading to improved surgical performance.

乳突切除术是一种复杂的外科手术，其中部分颅骨被钻掉以治疗耳部感染、植入人工耳蜗和切除肿瘤。全球每年进行数十万例乳突切除术，手术并发症高达 20%。手术错误是灾难性的，包括面神经麻痹、听力丧失、耳鸣、眩晕和味觉改变。需要大量培训才能掌握该程序。然而，由于尸体材料短缺，培训受到阻碍。为了提供替代培训方法，我们开发了一种虚拟现实模拟器，允许用户在单个 3D 数字头部模型上进行操作。在单一模型上进行练习并不能让受训者为患者解剖结构的巨大变化做好准备，但创建额外的模型却很困难。此外，验收还需要对模拟器进行仔细评估。我们的目标是（1）开发软件以根据患者图像自动构建数字模型，（2）实施自动性能评估方法，以及（3）评估技能开发和从虚拟环境到现实环境的转移。我们将开发软件来自动扭曲模板数字解剖模型以匹配特定患者图像，从而为新患者生成模型。我们将实施软件，自动评估每个学员在虚拟头模型上操作时的表现。该软件将基于教师在当前实践中使用的经过充分验证的指标。为了评估技能发展和转移，耳鼻喉科医生专家小组将在使用模拟器训练之前和之后对受训者的尸体头骨进行评估。模拟器将增加和改善针对各种患者类型的培训机会。此外，它还可以在针对特定解剖结构进行手术之前在数字模型上进行排练，从而提高手术效果。