Decoding links between the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain and histone modifications

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The RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) elongation complex is a key hub for regulatory pathways controlling gene expression in eukaryotes. Aside from its intrinsic mRNA synthesis function, the RNAPII elongation complex governs co-transcriptional mRNA processing and export, covalent histone modifications, and chromatin structure. The molecular platform coordinating all of these functions is the C-terminal domain (CTD) of the RNAPII large subunit. This eukaryote-specific domain consists of multiple repeats of a conserved heptad motif (Y