Deciphering the reductive pathways in phagosomes and lysosomes.

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Phagosomes are organelles that are formed after the engulfment of material by phagocytes such as macrophages and dendritic cells. The lumen of phagosome is a dynamic and complex microenvironment. It is the site of microbial killing, precise proteolytic processing of antigens and the degradation and recycling of macromolecules during tissue remodeling, growth and homeostasis. Despite the importance of the phagosome, there are critical gaps in our understanding of its function and dysfunction. One particular gap is the impact of redox chemistries on phagosomal function.