Mechanisms and functions of dendritic dopamine release in the brain

大脑树突状多巴胺释放的机制和功能

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-05230
• 负责人: Trudeau, LouisEric
• 金额: $ 3.28万
• 依托单位: Université de Montréal
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=629397
• 关键词: Mechanisms; functions; dendritic; dopamine; release

Neurons in the brain that use the chemical messenger dopamine (DA) play a key role in the control of movement, motivated behaviors and cognition. At present, we know very little about the basic mechanisms that control DA release in the brain. Although DA release from the neurons' nerve endings (axon terminals) is well characterized and known to occur through a form of regulated exocytosis, DA is also released from the cell body and dendrites of DA neurons (STD DA release) and very little is presently known about how this occurs and what roles it plays in brain function. This integrated research program may lead to a better understanding of the role of DA neurons in movement, motivation and cognition. It will also identify a mechanism that is likely to be relevant to explain the dendritic release of other chemical messengers of the brain such as serotonin and neuropeptides. The reason we know so little about the roles of STD DA release is mainly because at the present time, there is no way to selectively block or enhance STD DA release to examine the functional and behavioral consequences.

大脑中使用化学信使多巴胺（DA）的神经元在控制运动，动机行为和认知方面起着关键作用。目前，我们对大脑中控制DA释放的基本机制知之甚少。虽然DA从神经元的神经末梢（轴突末梢）释放被充分表征并且已知通过调节的胞吐作用的形式发生，但DA也从DA神经元的细胞体和树突释放（STD DA释放），并且目前对这如何发生以及它在脑功能中起什么作用知之甚少。这项综合研究计划可能会让人们更好地了解DA神经元在运动、动机和认知中的作用。它还将确定一种可能与解释大脑其他化学信使（如血清素和神经肽）的树突释放有关的机制。我们对STD DA释放的作用知之甚少的原因主要是因为目前还没有方法选择性地阻断或增强STD DA释放以检查功能和行为后果。