Immune recognition and function of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus envelope proteins

牛病毒性腹泻病毒包膜蛋白的免疫识别和功能

• 批准号: RGPIN-2017-04884
• 负责人: vanderMeer, Frank
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=629775
• 关键词: Immune; recognition; function; Bovine; Viral

Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) is highly prevalent among cattle herds in Canada. This circulation of BVDV continues to cause significant economic losses in both dairy and beef herds. In infected pregnant cows, the fetus contracts the virus transplacentally during the first trimester of gestation. This calf will become persistently infected (PI), and will not mount an immune response against this virus. The resulting calf is BVDV immunotolerant at birth and will shed large quantities of BVDV throughout its life. These PI animals are considered the main source of new BVDV infections and continued virus circulation. To better understand how these viruses evolve and persist in their host it is essential to study the virus natural antigenic variability. These antigenic changes exhibited by the virus over time are determined by the way hosts and pathogens interact. We have used these PIs to study virus inter- and intra-host variability which will be used to establish evolutionary models that can infer BVDV evolution. The high mutation rate of BVDV is posing challenges for both the host immune response and the researcher that aims to develop vaccines to prevent infections with these pathogens.

牛病毒性腹泻病毒(BVDV)在加拿大牛群中高度流行。BVDV的这种传播继续给奶牛群和肉牛群造成重大经济损失。在受感染的怀孕奶牛中，胎儿在怀孕的前三个月通过胎盘感染病毒。这头小牛将成为持续性感染(PI)，不会对该病毒产生免疫反应。由此产生的牛犊在出生时对BVDV免疫耐受，并将在其一生中排出大量BVDV。这些PI动物被认为是新的BVDV感染和持续病毒传播的主要来源。为了更好地了解这些病毒是如何进化并在宿主体内持续存在的，研究病毒的自然抗原变异性是必不可少的。随着时间的推移，病毒表现出的这些抗原性变化是由宿主和病原体相互作用的方式决定的。我们已经使用这些PI来研究病毒在宿主间和宿主内的变异性，这将被用来建立可以推断BVDV进化的进化模型。BVDV的高突变率对宿主免疫反应和旨在开发疫苗以防止感染这些病原体的研究人员都构成了挑战。