Molecular Regulation of Inflammatory Cytokine Production in Macrophages

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An important function of the host immune system is to initiate an inflammatory response that is required to control foreign insults and initiate tissue repair. The inflammatory process is normally self-limiting and regulated in order to avoid collateral self-damage. A dysregulation of inflammation results in excessive and persistent inflammation. A characteristic feature of uncontrolled inflammation is elevated expression of certain cytokines collectively known as proinflammatory cytokines. Myeloid immune cells (particularly macrophages and neutrophils) play important roles in inflammation via their production of inflammatory mediators including cytokines. The molecular mechanisms controlling inflammation have not been fully delineated.