Formation and biological functions of unusual DNA/RNA structures formed by repeat sequences.

由重复序列形成的不寻常 DNA/RNA 结构的形成和生物学功能。

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-06355
• 负责人: Pearson, Christopher
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: University of Toronto
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=629830
• 关键词: Formation; biological; functions; unusual; DNA

More than 50% of most genomes are tandem repetitive DNA sequences, including telomeres, centromeres, macro-, mini- and microsatellite repeats. Repeat DNAs can exist in unusual structures beyond the canonical right-handed B-form double helix. The specific locations of repeats in genes and chromosomes highlight their biological importance, particularly with respect to the unusual structures they form. Evidence indicates that repeat structures play roles in gene regulation, splicing, recombination, epigenetic regulation, repeat length mutation, etc. Functions are likely to be reflected by the biophysical structures formed by the repeats. Importantly, the length of the repeat tracts are hyper-prone to change and these length changes can dramatically affect their biological function. Length changes likely involve unusual structures. Our goal is to understand unusual repeat structures and how they can change lengths.

超过50%的大多数基因组是串联重复DNA序列，包括端粒、着丝粒、大、小和微卫星重复。重复DNA可以以不寻常的结构存在，而不是典型的右手B型双螺旋。重复序列在基因和染色体中的特定位置突出了它们的生物学重要性，特别是关于它们形成的不寻常结构。有证据表明，重复序列结构在基因调控、剪接、重组、表观遗传调控、重复序列长度突变等方面发挥作用。功能可能通过重复序列形成的生物物理结构来反映。重要的是，重复序列的长度极易改变，这些长度变化会显著影响其生物学功能。长度变化可能涉及不寻常的结构。我们的目标是了解不寻常的重复结构以及它们如何改变长度。