The regulation of protein synthesis by oxygen

有生命的有机体的特征是它们对刺激的反应和适应的能力。我的研究项目集中在蛋白质合成机制的这些特征上。蛋白质合成也被称为翻译，是信使核糖核酸(MRNA)向蛋白质传递遗传信息的基本生物过程。应激环境的变化导致翻译工作从维持基本细胞功能转向生产应激反应蛋白。这是通过抑制初级翻译启动机制发生的，该机制通过位于5‘端的帽结构访问mRNAs，占翻译的95%(取决于帽的翻译)。我的研究项目解决了细胞生物学中的一个主要问题：当依赖帽子的翻译受到抑制时，细胞如何在应激期间将其mRNAs翻译成蛋白质？我的重点是人类细胞的缺氧(低氧)，因为获得足够的氧气对于产生足够的ATP以使其正常运作至关重要，特别是在构成多细胞动物的细胞中。人们认为，在应激过程中，低氧细胞从典型的帽依赖翻译(由帽结合蛋白eIF4E介导)转换为帽非依赖过程来翻译特定的mRNAs。我最近展示了

Living organisms are characterized by their ability to respond to stimuli and adapt. My research program focuses on these characteristics with regard to the protein synthesis machinery. Also known as translation, protein synthesis is a fundamental biological process in the flow of genetic information from messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) into protein. Stressful environmental changes lead to a refocusing of translation efforts away from the maintenance of basic cell functions and toward the production of stress response proteins. This occurs by repressing the primary translation initiation machinery, which accesses mRNAs through their cap structure located at the 5’ end and accounts for >95% of translation (cap-dependent translation). My research program addresses a major question in cell biology: how do cells translate their mRNAs into proteins during periods of stress when cap-dependent translation is repressed? My focus is on hypoxia (low oxygen) in human cells because the acquisition of adequate oxygen is crucial to produce enough ATP for their proper functioning, especially in cells that constitute multicellular animals. It was believed that hypoxic cells switch from canonical cap-dependent translation (mediated by the cap-binding protein eIF4E) to cap-independent processes to translate select mRNAs during stress. I recently demonstrated