Features and Objects in the Visual System

视觉系统中的特征和对象

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-05296
• 负责人: Fallah, Mazyar
• 金额: $ 2.04万
• 依托单位: York University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=631162
• 关键词: Features; Objects; Visual; System

The visual system is divided into a ventral stream specialized for object recognition and a dorsal stream specialized for motion processing and visuomotor guidance such as grasping objects. Because of this functional separation, there are many models of object representation in the ventral stream and many models of motion processing in the dorsal stream, but research has been mostly devoid of investigations as to the nature or existence of object representations in the dorsal stream. Based on the difference in functionality, the two streams would use these objects differently and therefore represent them differently too. That is, the ventral stream would be processing features relevant for object recognition, including shape, color, texture, etc. While the dorsal stream processes features relevant for action, such as spatial location, motion, 3d shape for grasping, etc. Thus, it becomes very important to correctly integrate or ‘bind’ the relevant features into each stream. Both streams process features, and these feature-selective neurons need to be connected or integrated into a distributed network to form a representation of the object. Feature integration, aka the Binding Problem, is a long outstanding problem in neuroscience.

视觉系统分为专门用于物体识别的腹侧流和专门用于运动处理和视觉引导（如抓取物体）的背侧流。由于这种功能上的分离，腹侧流中存在许多物体表征模型，背侧流中存在许多运动处理模型，但研究大多缺乏对背侧流中物体表征的性质或存在的调查。基于功能上的差异，这两个流将以不同的方式使用这些对象，因此也以不同的方式表示它们。也就是说，腹侧流将处理与物体识别相关的特征，包括形状、颜色、纹理等，而背侧流处理与动作相关的特征，例如空间位置、运动、用于抓握的3D形状等。因此，正确地将相关特征整合或“绑定”到每个流中变得非常重要。这两个流都处理特征，这些特征选择神经元需要连接或集成到分布式网络中，以形成对象的表示。特征整合，又称绑定问题，是神经科学中一个长期悬而未决的问题。