Drivers and modulators of collisional tectonics and their impact on geohazards

碰撞构造的驱动因素和调节因素及其对地质灾害的影响

• 批准号: RGPIN-2015-04311
• 负责人: Grujic, Djordje
• 金额: $ 1.97万
• 依托单位: Dalhousie University
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=633775
• 关键词: Drivers; modulators; collisional; tectonics; their

Understanding distribution of tectonic plate forces is key to predicting future earthquake activity around the globe. Although earthquakes mostly occur at tectonic plate edges due to the forces generated by relative movements of the plates, they can also be caused by remote forces, interior plate movements, and climatic effects that are poorly studied. Conventional plate tectonics assumes that mountain belts form by compression and thickening of Earth’s crust along convergent plate margins. Yet theoretical and observational studies show that deformation also occurs in plate interiors. Collisional forces at mountainous boundaries oppose forces driving plate movement. This antagonism transmits stress into plate interiors, causing intraplate deformation and potentially leading to the disintegration of a plate. Conversely, breakup of a tectonic plate will reduce the amount of force transmitted to a collisional margin, influencing the amount of deformation and earthquake activity there. Although documented, these connections and feedback mechanisms remain unclear.

了解构造板力的分布是预测全球未来地震活动的关键。虽然地震大多发生在构造板块边缘，这是由于板块相对运动产生的力，但也可能是由远距离力、板块内部运动和气候效应引起的，这些因素研究得很少。传统的板块构造理论认为，山带是由地壳沿着会聚的板块边缘挤压和增厚而形成的。然而，理论和观测研究表明，变形也发生在板块内部。山体边界的碰撞力与驱动板块运动的力相反。这种对抗性将应力传递到板的内部，导致板内变形，并可能导致板的解体。相反，构造板块的分裂将减少传递到碰撞边缘的作用力，影响那里的变形量和地震活动。尽管有文献记载，但这些联系和反馈机制仍然不清楚。