Geofluids and Geohazards

地质流体和地质灾害

• 批准号: RGPIN-2016-04593
• 负责人: Lauer, Rachel
• 金额: $ 1.68万
• 依托单位: University of Calgary
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2017-01-01 至 2018-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=633779
• 关键词: Geofluids; Geohazards

The proposed research program will provide the foundation for a new interdisciplinary research group in “Geofluids” at the University of Calgary, which will initially focus on quantifying the role of fluids and fluid pressures in subduction zone seismicity, and submarine landslides, using crustal scale models of fluid flow. Elevated fluid pressures have been invoked as a mechanism in both of these hazards: by mechanically weakening slope sediments, and “preconditioning” them to fail in an earthquake, and by reducing the effective stress and frictional properties of the plate boundary fault in subduction zones. The model development and parameterization will form the basis for HQP projects, with M.Sc. students primarily focused on constraining model parameters through analysis of geophysical data (i.e. heat flow and seismic reflection data), and laboratory deformation experiments on cores recovered through ocean drilling (i.e. porosity and permeability). Ph.D. students will take responsibility for synthesizing these datasets into the fluid flow model, and conducting the simulations used to predict the pressure distribution in each study area. The first projects in the research program will concentrate on regions that are the focus of existing collaborations: the Hikurangi subduction zone, New Zealand, and the Santa Barbara Basin, California.

拟议的研究计划将为卡尔加里大学一个新的跨学科研究小组“地球流体”奠定基础，该小组最初将侧重于利用地壳尺度的流体流动模型，量化流体和流体压力在俯冲带地震活动和海底滑坡中的作用。在这两种灾害中，流体压力升高都被认为是一种机制：通过机械地削弱斜坡沉积物，并使它们在地震中“预适应”，以及通过降低俯冲带中板块边界断层的有效应力和摩擦特性。模型开发和参数化将构成HQP项目的基础，M.SC。学生们主要关注通过分析地球物理数据(即热流和地震反射数据)来约束模型参数，以及对通过海洋钻探获得的岩心(即孔隙度和渗透率)进行实验室变形实验。博士生将负责将这些数据集合成流体流动模型，并进行用于预测每个研究区域压力分布的模拟。研究计划中的第一个项目将集中在现有合作的重点地区：新西兰的希库兰吉俯冲区和加利福尼亚州的圣巴巴拉盆地。